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Summary

Summary Communicable Disease

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  • OCR

This document contains summary’s on all of the communicable disease topic for OCR A biology. There are pictures to make it easier to visualise each description. The notes are made on GoodNotes and are easily readable.

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  • May 11, 2023
  • 27
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary
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malgosiaszymanska05
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caused

by pathogens
-
bacteria ,
virus , fungi , protocista

• can be passed from one
organism to another



another
VIEILLE pass pathogens to
-

one




insects 1 water




TYPES OF PATHOGENS




Bacteria



proirayotes

bound nucleus 1
membrane
Organelles
-
no -




classified main : Basic shapes => rod shaped ( bacilli ) spherical
two
ways ,




( cocci ) comma shaped ( vibrios) spiralled ( spirilla)


corkscrew cspirochaetes )




By§
••



¥*•⑨•Y%

⑥ go •
pair
080
• o.

⑥ coccus cocci
µ OOH no
BB µ • •• *
8h
cluster of vibrio spirit UM .

bacillus chain spirochaete
of chain of cocci
( rod )
bacilli cocci

, •
By the cell wall two different


Gram positive bacteria → purple blue under
light microscope (methicillin
- -




( MRSA )) Allow
resistant
Staphyloccus aurus stain
go through .




Gram bacteria → red ( ( E-coli ) )
negative stain
gut bacteria
-




• Cell wall affects how bacteria react to cliff . antibiotics



Antibiotic =
compound which inhibits the
growth of bacteria .




Virus


non
living infect ous agents
• -
.




o
34m diameter ( 50 times smaller in
length than bacterium )
average
-

. 0.02 -

.




• Basic structure =
genetic material ( DNA IRNA) surrounded by protein .




Virus invade biochem
.

living cells
genetic material takes over .
of host to



multiply . protein coat




-

reproduce rapidly

host
1-

⑥µqB③⑦
It
"
nucleic acid
strand

-
evolve
by developing adaptations to
Human
immunodeficiency
virus ( HIV )




÷.am#eE-i¥ÉÑ÷
pathogenic
-




↳ cause disease
É
•%ÉÉiÉÉ* ⑥⑥08
:
•¥¥&¥:*:ñ
tobacco mosaic ÷
virus infects tobacco virus
Herpes simplex
plants causes cold sores


infect / attack bacteria


Bacteriophage
↳ take bacterial and
destroying
to
over cells use them replicate ,
the




?⃝?⃝

,bacteria .




Bacteriophages identify and treat some disease


virus =
parasites




Protoctista


Eukaryotic organisms which include
single-celled organism and cell grouped
into colonies .




Small -1 diseases →
-
. act as
pathogens causing communicable parasitic


They use people 1 animals as their host
-




↳ need a vector to transfer them to their hosts ( malaria )



dysentery)

may enter
body through polluted water ( amoebic mitochondria
most found near
of
growing tips
hyphae
vesicle adding




*¥g-gg@TE___F⑨
new cell wall



Fonsi
qq.g.gg
cenwa "
B-
'




Euvirayotic
cannot
,
multicellular



photosynthesis
vacuole

-68
.

C@
BBEF⇐?g
• ) . •
'




|
-




nucleus
granules
food extracellular before cytoplasm
digest absorbing the nutrients
-




y
( feed dead /

Many are
saphrocytes on
decaying matter )
Parasitic feed →


fungi on plants ,
stop them from
photosynthesizing Killing plant

• When
they reproduce
they produce millions of
tiny spores which spread


large distances → infect crop ( detestation

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