Exam (elaborations)
NR 509 APEA Random, NR 509 Advanced physical assessment, Chamberlain.
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NR 509 APEA Random, NR 509 Advanced physical assessment, Chamberlain.
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NR 509 APEA RandomNR 509 Advanced physical assessment
,NR 509 APEA Random
Question:
A transient ischemic attack is:
a transient episode of neurologic dysfunction by focal brain, spinal cord,
or retinal ischemia, without acute infarction. Correctan infarction of the
central nervous system tissue that may be silent or symptomatic.the
abrupt onset of motor or sensory deficits. Incorrectfocal or asymmetric
weaknesses caused by central and peripheral nerve damage.
Explanation:
TIA is now defined as “a transient episode of neurological dysfunction
caused by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without acute
infarction.” Ischemic stroke is “an infarction of central nervous system
tissue” that may be symptomatic or silent. The other terms are not
related to the new definitions.
Question:
A patient is asked to visually follow a finger through the cardinal fields
of gaze. Which cranial nerves are being assessed?
III, IVIII, IV, VI CorrectV, VI, VII
,Explanation:
Visually following a finger through the cardinal fields of gaze is one
way to assess the oculomotor (CN III), trochlear (CN IV) and abducens
(CN VI) nerves. CN I is the olfactory nerve and assesses smell. CN II is
the optic nerve and assesses visual acuity. CN V is the trigeminal nerve
and assesses both sensory and motor functions.
Question:
Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, which may produce minor
physical signs, thought disturbances, or disturbed motor activity is:
dystonia.bradykinesia.tremor.seizure. Correct
Explanation:
A seizure is an uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain which may
produce minor physical signs, thought disturbances, or disturbed motor
activity, or a combination of symptoms. Dystonia is a neurological
disorder that causes involuntary muscle spasms and twisting of the
limbs. Bradykinesia is the term used to describe the impaired ability to
adjust to one's body position. This symptom is noted in patients who
have Parkinson's disease. A rhythmic oscillatory movement of a body
part resulting from the contraction of opposing muscle groups is a
tremor.
Question:
When evaluating the sensory system, testing the posterior columns tract
would include assessing sensations of:
, position and vibration. Correctpain and temperature.deep
touch. Incorrectdiscriminative sensations.
Explanation:
When evaluating the sensory system, testing the spinothalamic tracts
would include assessing sensations of pain and temperature. Assessing
position and vibration evaluate the posterior columns. Light touch
assesses both the spinothalamic and posterior column tracts. To assess
discriminative sensation, both the spinothalamic and posterior columns
tracts as well as the cortex would be assessed.
Question:
Physical exam of a well two-week-old infant reveals a little dimple with
a small amount of hair just above the sacral area. This could be:
an unusual finding but within normal limits. Incorrecthirsutism.Arnold -
Chiari malformation. spina bifida occulta. Correct
Explanation:
There are four types of spina bifida: occulta, closed neural tube defects,
meningocele, and myelomeningocele. Occulta is the mildest and most
common form in which one or more vertebrae are malformed. The name
“occulta,” which means “hidden,” indicates that a layer of skin covers
the malformation, or opening in the vertebrae. This form of spina bifida,
present in 10-20 percent of the general population, rarely causes
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