Summary
Summary CIE iGCSE Computer Science | Emerging Technologies
Contains all relevant notes for the Cambridge International GCSE Computer Science Paper 1 on robotics, AI, automated systems and sensors.
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🤖Theory 6 - Emerging
Technologies
Automated Systems
6.1
Control System Pattern
Uses a [NAME] Sensor.
The sensor continuously and automatically sends data to the microprocessor.
This data is converted by an ADC.
The control program on the microprocessor monitors the sensor values. This
program compares the sensor values to pre-set data.
The control system then makes a decision, depending on the values.
Theory 6 - Emerging Technologies 1
, 🚨 Use the question at this point — e.g. an actuator might be used to open a
window if it is too hot, or sound an alarm.
The system might be reset using a timer or changes in sensor values.
Use of Automated Systems in Given Scenarios
Industry: Nuclear Power
Distributed Control System (DCS) has numerous sensors e.g. temperature,
pressure, etc. And compares it with pre-set data. Then actuators control
aspects of the power station based off the data, e.g. water pumps and gas
pump valves
Transport: Intelligent braking system
Sensor takes readings of a car's distance relative to objects. Microprocessor
takes the input and calculates the speed of the car and safe braking
distance. If it is too fast, it will issue a command to brake - actuator used to
apply brakes, causing the car to slow down.
Agriculture: Commercial greenhouse
Sensors used (e.g. pH, temperature, humidity). Based on readings
compared with pre-set values can then affect output e.g. actuator open
window [control]/ alert sent to supervisor [monitoring].
Weather: Airport weather station
Use sensors e.g. temp and humidity. Microprocessor to transmit to various
locations e.g. ATC (by Wi-Fi) and nearby aircraft.
Gaming: Responsive controllers
Sensors (acoustic, pressure, accelerometer); microprocessor sends and
interprets the readings and sends to the console via Wi-Fi. Actuators provide
haptic feedback; lights - visual feedback; speakers - audio feedback;
adaptive triggers provide resistance.
Lighting: Home security
Sensors continuously send data to the microprocessor, which controls
atmospheric lighting when dark and security lighting when movement is
detected.
Theory 6 - Emerging Technologies 2
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