1. superposition The principle that any given rock layer is probably older than those above it and younger than those below it 2. continental crust Extends from surface of Earth down to 20-30 miles. Continental crust (granite) is less dense then ocean crust (basalt). 3. oceanic crust Extends ...
1 superposition the principle that any given rock layer is probably older than those above it and younger than those below it 2 continental crust extends from surface of earth down to 20 30 miles
1. superposition The principle that any given rock layer is
probably
older than those above it and younger
than those below it
2. continental crust Extends from surface of Earth down to 20-30
miles. Continental crust (granite) is less
dense then ocean crust (basalt).
3. oceanic crust Extends down from the surface of the Earth
to
7 miles. Crust is layered and very uniform.
Com- posed of basalt.
4. mantle Contains most of Earth's mass. Composed
of iron, magnesium, aluminum, and silicon-
oxygen com- pounds
5. core Composed mostly of iron and is so hot that
the outer core is molten. The inner core is
under such extreme pressure that it
1/
,AP Environmental Science
Review
remains solid.
2/
, AP Environmental Science
Review
6. Continental Drift 1915- Alfred Wegener proposed that all
Theo- ry pre- sent-day continents originally
formed one land- mass (Pangaea).
7. lithosphere Lithosphere (crust and upper mantle) is
divided
into massive sections known as plates,
which float and move on the
asthenosphere.
8. transform boundaries Occur where plates slide PAST each other.
9. San Andreas Fault Found near the western coast of North
Ameri-
ca. Where the Pacific and North American
plates move relative to each other.
3/
, AP Environmental Science
Review
10. divergent boundaries Occur where two plates slide APART from
each
other with the space that was created
being filled with molten magma from
below.
11. Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Examples of oceanic divergent boundaries.
Pacific Rise
12. East African Great Rift Examples of areas of continental divergent
Valley bound- aries
13. convergent boundaries Occur where two plates slide TOWARD each
oth-
er, commonly forming either a subduction
zone or orogonic belt.
4/
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