Summary
Summary Virus as1
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- CCEA
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VirusemmnmViruses are
very small between 110nm and 300am ) and are measured in nanometres .
Two features in all viruses : surrounded by protein coat called
-
capsid .
Viruses may contain RNA or DNA Contain
.
nucleic acids .
There are several types of viruses including : BACTERIOPHAGES VIROLOGY the :
study of
RETROVIRUSES viruses sometimes thought
-
" to be outside the realms of
pgxgg.pk#** pÉÑÑÉ
known as
phages the subject biology .
Bacterial viruses RNA
DNA enzyme reverse transcriptase enables synthesis
protein head DNA and RNA
DNA HIV ( human
immunodeficiency virus) .
M invades immune cells called T helpers .
Contractile surface
sheath ( protein ) glycoprotein.gg q µ
Reverse transcriptase
Membrane
•• g.
associated protein >.
RNA
uvu
• z →
baseplate
-
.
Shell
Tail Fibres
Capsid
protein
•-••¥• Lipid bilayer
Howtheyworkmmmmmi .
HIV works
The bacteriophage injects it viral DNA by entering the T-cell and it's
into a bacterium The contractile sheath
.
RNA and reverse transcriptase enter the nucleus
acts as a needle to inject the DNA .
The transcriptase catalyses the synthesis of
DNA from RNA The DNA is used to
Inside the viral DNA uses the bacteria's .
synthesise
protein synthesis equipment to produce new protein coats and viral DNA are assembled
new viral protein for new protein coats
. .
The new rupture out of 1- helper's
viruses
the copies then build
up in
the capsids destroying it Slowly more are damaged
.
to form new viruses the bacterial cell
,
causing the immune system to be compromised
will then rupture letting the
developing aids .
bacteriophage back into the cyle to repeat . retroviruses are responsible for some cancers .
Comparison Contrast
( similarities ) ( differences)
HIV Phages
1.
Very small 1. contain reverse transcriptase normally does not
contain reverse transcriptase
2. Contains RNA contains DNA
2. essentially non cellular
3. Host T -
helper cells host bacterial cells
3. Contain genetic material 4. has surface glycoproteins no surface glycoproteins
4. both have protein coats 5. does not have tail
.
fibres tail fibres attached to abase
plate which is important for
attaching to host site .
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