includes summary notes on topic 1 such as the political side 1918-79, economic problems faced by the governments until 1979 and industrial relations and changes in the workplace.
Essay plans are also included which are made by me, helps with exam prep. Covers topics 1-4 and includes every aspect ...
Britain 1.1
A Changing Political and Economic Environment
(1918-79)
, Changing Party Fortunes (1918-
The Liberal Party
31)
The Conservative Party The Labour Party
(1900-)
• Trevor Wilson argued that the Liberal • Despite inheriting a fortune from his • In the 1923 election, Labour gained more
Party was healthy in 1914 but was run family's steel company, Stanley Baldwin votes the liberals for the first time
over by 'a rampant omnibus' (war) managed to present himself as an ordinary
man of the people
• Liberals traditionally disliked • He ran his factories fairly and was keen to • In 1924, Ramsay MacDonald became the
excessive government interference but the promote harmony between workers and first Labour Prime Minister – becoming the
war forced their hand employers in the British economy largest party in 1929, leading to
(rationing, conscription) MacDonald's re-election
• The Liberal Party was split • Baldwin was a key speaker again DLG at • Unlike the Liberals, Labour emerged from
between supporters of David Lloyd George the 1922 Carlton Club meeting in which the the war united, and the war also led to a
and supporters of Henry Asquith after 1916 Tories abandoned the Coalition huge growth in Trade Union membership
(the main source of Labour funding)
• The 'Maurice debate' in 1918 cemented the • Baldwin won over DLG's remaining • Labour was able to represent a growing
personal bitterness between Asquith and supporters by adopting protectionism sense of working-class identity, helping to
DLG (protecting domestic goods) win supporters from the Liberals
• The Conservatives didn’t want to join • Until the 1948 Representation of the People • Asquith backed a minority Labour govt afte
another coalition due to rumours of Act, the 'plural vote' allowed Oxford and 1923 because he thought it would do a bad
corruption (Cash for honours) and Cambridge Universities and the City of job and have to rely on Liberal support –
warmongering (Chanak) London to return 14 MPs (always tory) this gamble was a huge mistake
• DLG had amassed a huge fund through the • In 1921 the Irish Free State gained • MacDonald ruled with economic caution
sale of honours but refused to share it with independence from the UK – the Liberals and impressed everyone with his conduct o
the Liberal Party until they began to follow lost the support of around 80 Nationalist foreign affairs
his ideas Irish MPs but Tories continued to receive
support from 10 Northern Irish MPs
• Only when Asquith stepped down in 1926 • The First Past the Post system benefited the • MacDonald used his political influence to
did DLG share his funds, but it was too late Conservatives – in 1918 it took 15,943 vote have the J.R. Campbell case dropped, whic
to take on Labour now to return a Tory MP but 29,868 for Labour led to him losing a vote of no confidence –
and 36,116 for Liberals not helped by the Zinoviev letter
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