Abdul Halim Unit 19: Internet of Things 31st January 2023
The Internet of Things
Introduction
The Internet of Things is used to describe the ever-expanding system of interconnected, internet-enabled devices
that can exchange and process information. Many sectors and industries stand to benefit from this technology, which
promises to streamline operations and improve user experience. This report will examine the impact of IoT systems
in a variety of settings. The purpose, applications, principles and characteristics as well as the benefits and risks of
these systems will all be discussed.
What is Internet of Things
The internet of things, or IoT, refers to the growing network of physical objects that are connected to the
internet and can communicate with each other and with other internet-enabled devices. These objects,
which can include everything from cars and appliances to wearable devices and industrial equipment, are
embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that allow them to collect and exchange data.
The IoT allows for a wide range of new applications and services, such as connected home systems, smart
cities, and improved supply chain management.
Key Features of Internet of Things
The Internet of Things includes a number of key features, the most important of which are artificial
intelligence (AI), connection, sensors, active engagement, and the utilisation of small devices. A quick
overview of these characteristics is shown down below:
AI – With the power of data collecting, artificial intelligence algorithms, and network connections,
the Internet of Things (IoT) effectively makes nearly everything "smart," which means it improves
every facet of everyday life. This might mean anything as easy as upgrading your fridge and
cupboards so that they can detect when milk and your favoured cereal are running low and then
automatically make an order with your local supermarket.
Connectivity – Because of newly developed technologies that enable networking in general and
internet of things networking in particular, networks are no longer only dependent on large
suppliers. It is possible for networks to function on a much smaller size, at a much lower cost, and
yet do their job. The Internet of Things builds these small networks amongst its many components.
Sensors – Sensors are required for the Internet of Things to work effectively. They define devices,
changing the Internet of Things from a passive network of devices into an active system capable of
interacting with the real world.
Active Engagement – Passive engagement accounts for a significant portion of today's interactions
with technologies that are connected. The Internet of Things introduces a new model for the active
engagement of information, products, or services.
Small Devices – As envisioned, technological devices have become smaller, less costly, and more
powerful throughout time. The Internet of Things makes use of tiny devices that were created for a
specific purpose in order to achieve its accuracy, scalability, and adaptability goals.
The Purpose of IoT Systems
The purpose of Internet of Things (IoT) systems is to connect devices to the internet and to one another so
that they can send and receive data. This enables better device-to-device communication and coordination,
which improves the effectiveness and convenience of many tasks.
,Abdul Halim Unit 19: Internet of Things 31st January 2023
Smart homes, agriculture, healthcare, and manufacturing are just a few examples of where IoT systems can
be put to use. Ultimately, the goal is to enhance processes and decision-making through the use of data
gathered from connected devices and sensors.
In a smart home, for instance, an IoT system might be used to link and regulate things like the temperature,
the security cameras, and the lights. As a result, you may find it less of an inconvenience to manage and
automate things like the temperature in your home or the switching on and off of lights. IoT systems can
help farmers improve their irrigation and fertilisation practises by keeping tabs on soil moisture, water
availability, and other factors that affect crop growth. Vital signs and other health indicators can be
monitored using IoT systems in healthcare to help doctors track patients' progress and intervene if needed.
Overall, the purpose of IoT systems is to facilitate better collaboration and information sharing among
devices, as well as to utilise data for the purpose of enhancing operations and decision-making across a
variety of sectors and industries.
The Application of IoT Systems in Different Sectors
Internet of Things (IoT) systems and services can be used in many different industries and sectors, each of
which has its own challenges and opportunities. Some applications of Internet of Things systems and
services can be seen in the following industries:
Homes: IoT systems are used to connect and manage things like heating and cooling systems, surveillance
cameras, and light switches. As a result, you may find it less of a hassle to manage and automate things like
the temperature in your home or the switching on and off of lights. Homeowners can access and manage
their devices from anywhere using a smartphone or other device with the help of remote monitoring and
control services made possible by the Internet of Things (IoT).
Agriculture: Internet of Things systems can be used to keep tabs on soil moisture, water availability, and
other growth-limiting factors. This can improve crop yields and resource efficiency by helping farmers fine-
tune their irrigation and fertilisation practises. Internet of Things services can also be used to keep tabs on
crops in real time, alerting farmers to issues as soon as they arise.
Healthcare: Internet of Things systems can be used to keep tabs on patients' heart rates, blood pressure,
and other biometrics so that doctors can see how their patients are doing and make any necessary
adjustments to their treatment plans. This has the potential to enhance the standard of care provided and
prevent the worsening of any underlying health issues. Patients can receive care without having to leave
their homes thanks to the use of IoT services that enable remote monitoring and support.
Manufacturing: Internet of Things systems can be used to keep tabs on and adjust the machinery used in
the assembly line for maximum productivity. In addition to facilitating faster, more precise production, this
can also help cut down on waste. By utilising IoT services for predictive maintenance, businesses can
prevent breakdowns from happening in the first place.
Overall, systems and services provided by the Internet of Things have a wide range of potential uses, and
this list is only expected to expand as time goes on and new technologies emerge. Many fields and
industries are benefiting from the enhancements in process and decision-making made possible by these
systems and services.
, Abdul Halim Unit 19: Internet of Things 31st January 2023
The Principles of IoT Systems in Different Sectors
The principles of IoT systems in different sectors are similar in that they all involve the use of connected
devices and networks to collect and exchange data. These systems typically include sensors, software, and
other technologies that allow physical objects to collect and share information. This information can then
be used to automate processes, improve efficiency, and make data-driven decisions.
Home: IoT systems are used to create connected home systems that allow homeowners to control,
monitor, and automate various aspects of their homes. This can include things like controlling lighting and
temperature, monitoring security cameras and smoke detectors, and managing appliances such as washing
machines and refrigerators. The purpose of the IoT in the home industry is to make homes more
convenient, energy efficient, and secure.
Agriculture: IoT systems are used to monitor and manage various aspects of farming and food production.
This can include things like tracking the location and condition of crops and livestock, monitoring soil
moisture and temperature, and automating irrigation and fertilization systems. The purpose of the IoT in
agriculture is to improve the efficiency, productivity, and sustainability of food production.
Healthcare: IoT systems are used to improve the delivery of healthcare and support remote patient
monitoring. This can include things like wearable devices that track vital signs and alert healthcare
providers to potential problems, remote monitoring systems that allow healthcare providers to monitor
patients remotely, and electronic medical records systems that facilitate the sharing of patient information
between healthcare providers. The purpose of the IoT in healthcare is to improve the quality, accessibility,
and efficiency of healthcare.
Manufacturing: IoT systems are used to improve the efficiency and productivity of manufacturing
processes. This can include things like sensors that monitor the condition and performance of machinery,
automation systems that control and optimize production processes, and supply chain management
systems that track the movement of materials and finished products. The purpose of the IoT in
manufacturing is to reduce waste, improve quality, and increase efficiency.
Overall, the principles of IoT systems in different sectors involve the use of connected devices and networks
to collect and exchange data, with the goal of improving efficiency, productivity, and decision making.
IOT Devices in the Home Industry
Amazon Alexa
Amazon Alexa is a smart home device that can play music, tell you the news, set reminders,
process information, tell you the weather, and control other devices just by hearing your voice.
Alexa has more than 25,000 skills, and they continue getting better everyday thanks to updates
from the developers. The Alexa Device is thought to be in at least 25% of US homes.
How Does Alexa Work?
To connect to Alexa and talk to it, you must first connect it to the internet. However, before you
do so, you must ensure that the device is fully charged. After there, you may activate Alexa and
she will walk you through the process. To get Alexa to answer to a command, state her name first,
and the device will start flashing with blue lights and be able to communicate to you.
