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Summary sociology inequality revision notes
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in depth sociology notes on inequalities
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What inequalities do you think people experience due to gender?* Education
* Work and Employment
* Conjugal role
* Wealth and income
* Life expectancy
Work and employment
* More and more women are in part time or full time paid employment
* Fewer and fewer men are in part time or full time paid employment
* Men are more likely to work if they have children, women less likely
* Men tend to work in professions more and so have higher status and pay
* Female graduates tend to be in lower professions than male graduates
* Men are the bulk of the top 10% of earners
* In the private sector the pay gap between men and women is 24.8% compared to
17.1% in the public sector
* Self employed men earn 40% more than women
* 20.4% of board directors are women, only 11.1% of uk banks have female CEO
* It will take 70 years for the pay gap to be eliminated if it carries on with its
current progression
* 30,000 women per year are sacked for being pregnant, even though this is illegal.
Many more lose out on promotion as a result of pregnancy
Income and wealth
* Women are more likely to rely on state benefits
* The austerity cuts from 2010 onwards have severely impacted on income for many
women
* Oxfam stated that 22% of women, compared to 14% of men, have regular low incomes
* 70% of minimum wage jobs are held by women
* Women are 50% of the global population but only have 1% of the worlds wealth
Poverty
* Prudential 2011 found that 25% of women live below the poverty line, for men the
figure is 12%
* Women engage in a lot of unpaid work, chant 2011 calls this time poverty. This
makes it hard to lift from poverty as they are restricted in the hours they can
work and the jobs they can do
* DWP figures from 2019 show that 52% of lone parent families live in poverty. As
90% of lone parent families are headed by women, this means women usually suffer.
Women will often go without food or warmth to feed and protect their children
Social mobility
* Li and dervine 2011, women are more likely to be downward socially mobile than
upward
* Ethnicity further complicates this with black women and chinese women having the
greater disparity in upward mobility compared to males from that ethnic group
* Savage 2011 found that men were 40% more likely to climb the career path than
women. Women are also less likely to be found in certain positions of power,
editors, the cabinet, local authority, bosses etc
* Dervine and Li conducted a study looking at trends in social mobility in 2011
* Black african and black caribbean women have seen full time employment fall by
15% whereas it is still the same for white women
* Chinese and Indian men have seen their employment become increasingly part time.
For the,, and bangladeshi males and females, it has doubled
* Muslim women often remove traditional dress and or change their names to avoid
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