Summary
Summary Water in drug formation
- Institution
- University Of East Anglia
Industrial pharmacy - 1st semester Includes bullet points, key diagrams and images
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
WaterMicro-organisms
Used for preparations, washing and cooling
Found in fresh water- Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium
Rainfall- B megaterium and Enterobacteria
Sewage- E coli and Strep
Most are gram negative
Pharmacopoeal Water
Purified water in bulk
Purified water in containers
Highly purified water
Water for injection in bulk
Sterile water for injection
Water BET (bacterial endotoxin test)
Uses
Mains water used to wash bulk chemicals, remove impurities or reaction
products
De-ionised water used for washing equipment
Purified water- used for preparations (not sterile)
Highly purified water- next grade for preparations (not sterile)
Water for injections in bulk- used for parenteral preparations
Sterile water for injection- used for dissolving substances for preparations or
parenteral formulations
Water BET- BP endotoxins test or water for injection
Water Preparation
Deionised- mains water passed through anion and cation exchange resin.
Doesn’t remove bacterial count and can sometimes increase it as they aren’t
cleaned
Reverse osmosis- mains water passed through semi-permeable membrane
(mw>250). This removes microorganisms and pyrogens
Distillation- water vapour condensed so microbial and chemically pure. Usually
passed through deioniser and reverse osmosis too
Water Distribution
Water storage must also be sterile/clean
Design features to prevent contamination:
Constant circulation at positive pressure
Sanitary fittings
Maintain temperature above 80 degrees
Use non-chemical disinfection like UV 254nm
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller alexd1. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £2.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83637 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now