Includes predictions for the real A-level exam. Essay plans for attachments, forensics, relationships, biopsychology and approaches.
Topics Planned:
RELATIONSHIPS: Filter theory, physical attractiveness
ATTACHMENTS: Attachment on future relationships, Stages of attachment
BIOPSYCHOLOGY: Endog...
ATTACHMENT
Attachment on Future Relationships
AO1
➔ Bowlby’s internal working model - a mental representation of an infant's attachments
will affect future relationships.
➔ Acts as a ‘template’ for future relationships.
➔ People with a secure attachment throughout childhood are less likely to be bullied
◆ Insecure avoidant most likely to be bullied
◆ Insecure resistant most likely to be bullies
➔ Hazan and Shaver’s Love Quiz - assessed attachment and romantic relationships
◆ Found that 56% were securely attached
◆ 25% were insecure avoidant
◆ 19% were insecure resistant
● People with an insecure avoidant attachment type were more prone to
jealousy and commitment issues.
AO3
One strength is research support for Bowlby’s internal working model.
- Bailey et al 99 mother’s study assessed mothers’ attachments to their PAF.
- Found that mothers with a secure attachment to their PAF were more likely to have a
secure attachment to their children.
- Mothers with poor attachment to their PAF more likely to have poor attachment to
their children
- Shows that it works and can be applied.
One strength is real life application
- Finding out attachment types and identifying internal working model can identify why
some people may stay in abusive relationships
- May explain why people are avoidant and have commitment issues.
- Can go to relationship therapy to break down to the root of the problem
One weakness is that it lacks internal validity.
- Love quiz relies on self report technique about childhood attachment
- Ability to recall relationships from that long ago may be skewed and inaccurate
- Social desirability bias if relationship was bad and participants may be ashamed
- Means that findings won’t accurately reflect attachment
Lacks external validity
- Volunteer sample from Love Quiz
- May not reflect entire population, likely that people who are interested in attachment
types are more likely to volunteer.
- People with bad attachment types less likely to enter so won’t get a generalisable
sample.
, Stages of attachment
AO1
Shaffer’s stages of attachment has four parts:
STAGE NAME INFO AGE DEVELOPED ANXIETY
Asocial Signs they prefer
humans over
inanimate objects
Indiscriminate Clear preference for 2-7 months No anxiety as they
humans rather than accept comfort from
inanimate objects anyone!
Specific Classic signs of ~7 months Stranger and
attachment towards separation anxiety
one particular
person
Multiple Attachment to those Stranger and
they regularly spend separation anxiety
time with
29% of secondary
attachments are
formed within a
month of the primary
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