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Summary changing and traditional ethnicity, gender and class
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Changing identities In depth infographic Class , gender and ethnicity
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EthnicityGhumann - found that tradition, religion and family values played an important
part in the upbringing of second-generation Asians in the UK, and that Asian
children tend to be socialised into the extended family, with the emphasis on
duty, loyalty, honour and religious commitment.
Ethnicity seems to be rooted in religion and language.
Back - ‘Neighbourhood Nationalism’ and Cultural Hybridity. Ethnographic study of
two council estates in London, Back did find cultural hybridity, but it was not just
black youths who developed hybrid identities. White youths were attracted to
aspects of black culture, and local youths from all ethnic backgrounds developed
a sort of shared identity based on mixed ethnicity and ‘neighbourhood
nationalism’ – a feeling of solidarity and common identity with people from the
same area. Back describes the sense of belonging and loyalty to an area as
‘neighbourhood nationalism’, no longer strictly tied to ethnic identities, instead
neighbourhood nationalism reflects the commitment to and time spent living in
an area
Brah - argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code-switchers,
and that this is a more appropriate way to see their identities than as a hybrid or
a cross between two cultures. She suggests that the idea of two cultures is
misleading, since neither white British culture nor Asian culture are clear-cut and
homogeneous anyway. The idea that young British Asians experience conflict or
culture clash is not backed up by evidence, and most will find ways to
successfully negotiate their own identity, as will any young person living in a
globalised and hybrid culture such as the contemporary UK.
Burdsey - “One of the Lads’ is an ethnographic study of young, male British Asian
footballers. The footballers were from a range of British Asian backgrounds,
including: British Pakistani, British Bengali and British Punjabi. Some of them had
professional status as footballers, others were amateurs. Until this research was
conducted British Asian footballers had largely been ignored by sociologists.
The research was an attempt to ‘get under the skin’ of the footballers and was
therefore conducted in the natural environment of their clubs, and in addition, for
the amateur footballers, the places where they socialised, the pubs, clubs and
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