Summary
Summary AQA Alevel Chemistry Introduction to Amines/Amides Notes
- Institution
- AQA
AQA Alevel Chemistry Introduction to Amines/Amides Notes
[Show more]
Content preview
Introduction: Amines and AmidesWhen one hydrogen in ammonia (NH3) is replaced with an organic group such as an alkyl or
aromatic compound this produces an amine.
Derived from ammonia molecules where the hydrogens are replaced with an alkyl group.
Aliphatic molecules - chemical compounds with carbons held together by single, double or
triple bonds.
The suffix for naming amines is amine (propylamine or diethylamine). If there is more than one
organic group attached the groups should be listed in alphabetical order.
Quaternary ammonium salts are made from a positive head group which is attracted to negative
ions. The long hydrocarbon chain is called a surfactant. This makes the salts good cleaning
products.
Cationic Surfactants
Surfactants are compounds which are partly soluble and partly insoluble in water.
Examples include quaternary ammonium compounds which can be used as cationic surfactants
(surfactants which are positively charged). These compounds are quaternary ammonium salts
with at least one hydrocarbon chain.
The cationic surfactants form induced dipole-dipole interactions with non polar substances and
hydrogen bonds with water.
The long hydrocarbon chain is insoluble in water but will bind to non-polar substances
such as grease whilst the positively charged head group is soluble in water as it is
attracted to water. This makes cationic surfactants useful in detergents as the non-polar
end binds to grease and the polar head would dissolve in water allowing spots of grease to
mix with water and be washed away.
The cationic surfactant works to allow emulsion to occur.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ramiriam. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £3.59. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now