Summary
Summary AQA ALEVEL BIOLOGICAL NOTES ON HUMORAL REPSONSE
- Module
- Unit 2 - Cells
- Institution
- AQA
ALEVEL NOTES ON THE IMMUNITY TOPIC- HUMORAL RESPONSE ADJUSTED TO THE AQA SPECIFICATION AND MADE FROM MARKSCHEMES
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Humoral Response=
-
In the cell-mediated 1 cellular
response ,
the mitotic division of specific T cells form a clone
of the relevant T cells to build their numbers
up .
-
Some of these T cells produce factors that stimulate B cells to divide .
It these B that involved the of humoral
is cells in next phase the immune immunity
>
a re
response : .
,Stages
*.÷÷
of B lymphocyte Response
⇐
-5¥
1 The surface of B
antigens an
invading pathogen are taken up by a
complementary cell .
2 The the
pathogen is endocytosed ,
and antigen presented on the plasma membrane .
3 binds to the the B cell colonial selection) ( process
Helper T cells presented antigen ,
activating
at previous )
page .
4 The B cell of
is now activated to divide
by mitosis to
give a clone
plasma cells .
( clonal expansion )
5 antibodies
The cloned plasma cells produce and secrete .
The
antibody is then attached
and them
to
antigens on the pathogen destroys .
B infections
6 cells also develop into
memory
cells . These can respond to future
by the
dividing rapidly developing that produce antibodies
same
pathogen by and into plasma cells .
attach to
on
5
>
antigens and
processedpresentation ft
pathogen
destroy
it
invading antigen
a
41555'nse)
pathogen §
a
, Bad,
rt It
if
①
} rt
%v antibody
separated
'
I
' 4
cell
•
plasma
→
or
antigen
+ § 6
y
I
f IF circulate in blood and
①
n
,
0 0
tissue fluid in readiness
antibody •
-
;Ie÷%%%%jueEE¥:
i
lymphocyte
a
cells
I into plasma
B
1 developing
^ ,
that produce
antibodies
(
secondary response)
activated helper
( from
cell-mediated memory
cell
T-cell I
response
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller talhaahmed360. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now