Summary
Summary AQA ALEVEL BIOLOGY NOTES ON PHAGOCYTOSIS
- Module
- Unit 2 - Cells
- Institution
- AQA
ALEVEL NOTES ON THE IMMUNITY TOPIC- PHAGOCYTOSIS ADJUSTED TO THE AQA SPECIFICATION AND MADE FROM MARKSCHEMES
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Phagocytosis=
-
Phagocytosis is the
process in which
large particles are
engulfed by cells in the vesicles formed from
the cell - surface membrane .
blood ,
In the the
types of white blood cells that out phagocytosis known
-
as
carry are
phagocytes .
travel blood
-
Some
phagocytes in the but can move out of blood vessels into other tissues .
"
%:%%%:%%÷÷÷÷%% ~ .
-
← 4. g. bacterium
)
it
✓
The
1 .
phagocyte is attracted to the
pathogen by
chemical products of the It
µ
pathogen . moves
chemical products
the of pathogen
towards
pathogen along a concentration
gradient .
phagocyte
r
¥
2 surface
. The
phagocyte has several receptors on its cell -
membrane attach to chemicals surface of the
that on the
pathogen .
⑨
lysosome the
engulf pathogen form ]
qq.agpgggomeeyt.es
the to a vesicle ,
known as a
vesicle fuse with
4 .
Lysosomes move towards the and it .
,
nucleus
These
5. Enzymes called
Iysozymes present within are the
lysosome .
Iysozymes destroy ingested bacteria by hydrolysis of their cell walls .
①
* :*.es?na::ss:::::::::isi::i::tmI:ei:in
in .
smaller ,
soluble ones .
& 0
nW
6 of absorbed the
.
The
hydrolysis products the bacterium are into
\
of the
phagocyte
cytoplasm
.
phagosomeys.LI
⑤
.mg#ormingreie::*:;s::ehyhy
:
1%1%1
Adherence
•
When receptors on the
phagocyte bind to the
antigen on the
target pathogen .
Other links between
receptors then be moved to the to create further
-
will area
pathogen and
phagocyte .
Phagocytosis begins
>
.
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