This document is a one page summary of the humanistic approach within psychology. It describes the main explanations of human behaviour within humanism, with their main evaluation points. These singular pages are perfect for a-level exam season and to boost your knowledge.
Humanism emphasises the importance of
·
A person-centred' approach
Each person is unique.
subjectiveexperienceandeachperson
·
is
·
Holistic approach
·
Free Will
Humans strive towards self-actualisation.
SELF-ACTUALISATION
·
·
Scientific processes are inappropriate
People have an innate
tendency for self-reachingfull potential.
Self-actualisation.
actualisation
-erarchi
esteem Self-esteem, confidence.
Human behaviour is motivated needs
by
deficiencyneeds' (maintaining love cinc sexual intimacy.
↑
physical and psychological equilibriums rec belonging.
and growth needs' (the tendency
Self-actualise).
to
Mastoli
of
Safety
physiological
needs
needs
employment.
water, food,
In Maslow's
hierarchy of
needs, to sex etc.
achieve need, the
level of
the next
satisfied.
CLIENT-SENTRED
level below must
be
self-actualisation is notreached,
If
a person will suffer restlessness and
disatisfaction with life. THERAPY (Rogers]
SELF,CONGRUENCE
Avondirectivetherapyinanironment
AND CONDITIONS where the client
is encouraged to discover
their (as they are considered
own solutions
OF WORTH the their own condition).
expertof
An effective Rogerian psychologistshould
For personal growth to be achieved, a Snow:
empathy
-
person's concept of 'self' must
be -genuineness
with their ideal self'. If unconditional positive regard.
-
congruent the
incongruent, self-actualisation
↑
is too
gap
be
won't possible due to negative ~ is
It a more validapproach as it considers
feelings of self-worth. meaningful human behaviour within a
real-life context.
Rogers emphasised the role of the The hierarchy shows human motivation,
self-concept which is made up of: andhas been applied education
to
andtherapy.
~ R Therapy has revolutionalised councelling
sheapproach, bringing
·
The ideal self
(who you want to be).
·
Self-concept (now you percieve yourself). the person
Self-esteem (your self-worth). back into
·
psychology.
Application isn't
* as wide as other theories.
*
Doesn't
To reduce the incongruence (which is use scientific methods.
causedby childhoodexperiences of set
x
Generalisability -
not
everyone
-
reaches SA.
X
boundaries or limits to love parents)
by
Not
empirical- unfalsifiability.
Rogers
developed Client-Centred Therapy.
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