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CBIS Exam/215 Questions with complete solutions 2023
CBIS Exam/215 Questions with complete solutions 2023
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CBIS Exam/215 Questions with completesolutions 2023
Acute Brain Injury - -An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital,
degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
-Traumatic Brain Injury - -An alteration in brain function, or other evidence
of brain pathology, caused by an external force
2 Mechanisms
*trauma impact
* traumatic inertial forces
-Non-traumatic brain injury - -Lack of O2, decreased nutrients to cells,
exposure to toxins, pressure from tumor or blockage or other neuro disorder
-ABI Prevalence - -2nd most prevalent disability in U. S.
* 13.5 million Americans
-Children & TBI - -* non-accidental trauma cause of 80% of deaths in
children under 2yo
* 2/3 of children under 3yo that are abused have TBIs
*falls cause 1/2 of TBI in 0-14yo
-domestic violence - -67% of women in domestic violence had TBI
symptoms
-Mild TBI - -*concussion
*LOC > 30 min
*loss of memory >24hrs
*CGS 13-15
*normal CT or MRI
*any AMS at time of incident
-Moderate TBI - -*LOC up to 24hrs
*neuro signs of brain trauma
* CGS 9-12
*may have focal findings on CT
-Severe TBI - -*LOC <24hrs
*GCS 3-8
-Screens for TBI - -ACE - acute concussion eval
HELPS
WARCAT - warrior administered retrospective casualty assessment tool
,TBIQ - traumatic brain injury questionnaire
ImPACT
OSU TBI ID
-JCAHO (Joint Commission) - -The non-profit organization that assists
healthcare facilities by providing accreditation
3 year award
-CARF (Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission) - -The Organization that
oversees the accreditation of brain injury programs
3 year award
-TBI Act of 1996 - -Federal Legislation
"To expand efforts to identify methods of preventing TBI, to expand
biomedical research efforts or to minimize the severity of dysfunction as a
result of such an injury, and to improve the delivery & quality of services
through the State Demonstration projects."
-HRSA - Health Resources Services Administration - -Money to states to
improve integration services, establish policy & procedure financial support
-CDC - Center for Disease Control - -Carries out projects to reduce incidence
of TBI
-Rehabilitation act of 1973 - -Set foundation for state vocational rehab
system, a federal/state supported system of services which assists persons
with disabilities who are pursuing meaningful careers
-Diffuse axonal injury - -Severe brain injury caused by extreme shearing
forces
-Persistent post concussive symptoms - -A complex disorder following a
concussion, lasting for weeks or months, consisting of symptoms such as
headaches or dizziness, Nausea, post Trumatic amnesia and GCS of 13/14
Must be diagnosed by neuropsychologist
-Somatization - -The expression of psychological distress through physical
symptoms
-Chronic traumatic encephalopathy - CTE - -Rare, progressive, degenerative
condition of central nervous system that is seen and repetitive brain trauma
Dementia, memory loss, aggression, confusion, depression
-Hebbian Learning - -Neurons that fire together, wire together
-Experience independent learning - -" use it or lose it"
, -Synaptogenesis - -The process by which neurons form new connections
-Disorders of consciousness - -Coma, Vegetative State, minimally conscious
state
-Coma - -* no evidence of arousal
* no response to internal or extrnal stimuli
* May have reflexive response
* resolves in 2 to 4 weeks
-Vegetative state - -Transition of severely brain damaged patients from a
coma to wakefulness without awareness
Can be months to years in this state
-Minimally conscious state - -condition in which someone has brief periods
of purposeful actions and speech comprehension
-Emergence from DOC - -Requires at least one criteria:
* functional communication by verbal or gestural Y/N response
* functional use of 2 or more objects
-Automatic dysfunction syndrome - -Episodes of: dystonia (abnormal muscle
tone), tachycardia, diaphoresis (sweating), hyperthermia, hypertension,
tachypnea (rapid breathing)
*occurs in 15%-33% of severe TBI
-Sleep Complications - -Hypogenic hallucinations - vivid dream like auditory,
visual, or tactile sensations on experiences between sleep and wake
Cataplexy - feature of narcolepsy. Sudden loss of muscle tone.
Consciousness remains clear, memory not impaired and respirations intact
-Immediate post Trumatic convulsions (seizures) - -LOC & involuntary
movements within seconds of impact
*can be asymmetrical, short period of AMS & retrograde amnesia
-Early post Trumatic seizures - -*occurs within the first week
*results from primary direct effect of trauma
*risk factors: severe TBI, depressed skull fx , penetrating head injury, sub
dural hematoma, entercerebral hematoma, epidural hematoma, portable
contusion
-Late post Trumatic seizures - -* within 18 to 24 months however can be
years later
* also called post dramatic epilepsy
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