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MN551 Final Exam: Questions & Answers
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- MN551 Final Exam: Questions & Answers
MN551 Final Exam: Questions & Answers
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MN551 Final Exam: Questions & AnswersA 32-year-old man is complaining of burning, itching, photophobia, and
severe pain in his right eye after swimming in the ocean. To determine that
the eye condition is corneal rather than a conjunctival disease, which of the
following would be the distinguishing symptom?
A.) Burning
B.) Itching
c.) photophobia
D.) Severe pain - -Severe pain
-A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered by her
primary care provider to have a hemoglobin A1C test for the first time. The
woman states, "I don't see why you want to test my blood cells when it's
sugar that's the problem." What aspect of physiology will underlie the care
provider's response to the patient?
A.)The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood
glucose levels over the life of the cell.
B)Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate to
blood glucose levels, with low A1C indicating hyperglycemia.
C)The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free glucose
indicate the amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
D)Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and high
glucose suggests low insulin levels. - -The amount of glucose attached to
A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose levels over the life of the cell.
-A 30 year old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the
multiple effects that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the following
physiological processes are actions of insulin? - -Facilitating triglycerides
from glucose in fat cells
-A three-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes and her
parents are currently receiving education from the diabetes education nurse
at the hospital where their daughter is receiving treatment. How can the
nurse best explain the etiology of their daughter's health problem to her
parents?
A.) Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the fact
that her pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
,B.) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely
something that she inherited."
C.) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped
making insulin, and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has
destroyed the cells in herpancreas that produce insulin - -"The problem that
underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the cells in her
pancreas that produce insulin."
-Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the role of
hormones in the body?
A.) Some chemical substances can function as hormones or be integrated
with the central and peripheral nervous systems.
B)Hormones directly initiate many of the processes that contribute to
homeostasis.
C)Control of body processes is ensured by the fact that a single hormone can
only exert one effect on one specific system or tissue.
D)Each hormone that exists in the body is produced by only one specific
endocrine gland. - -Some chemical substances can function as either
hormones or neurotransmitters.
-What does a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
A.) Thyroid nodule
B.) Hyperthyroidism
C.) Myxedema
D.) Hypothyroidism - -Hypothyroidism
-Which of the following statements best captures the role of the adrenal
cortex in maintaining homeostasis?
Question 1 options:
A. Normal sexual function is dependent on adequate adrenal cortical
function.
B. Redundant, secondary production of adrenal cortical hormones can
compensate for the loss of the adrenal glands.
,C. The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex hormones.
D. The adrenal cortex is responsible for the production of epinephrine and
norepinephrine, which are part of the sympathetic nervous system. - -The
adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex hormones.
-A three-year-old girl has been diagnosed with amblyopia. Which of the
following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to underlie her health
problem?
Question 2 options:
a. The child may have a neural pathway disorder
b. She may have been born with infantile cataracts
c. The girl may have chronic bacterial conjunctivitis
d. The child may have a congenital deficit of rods and/or cones - -She may
have been born with infantile cataracts
-Which of the following statements best describes an aspect of the normal
process of glucose metabolism?
Question 3 options:
a. Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the
liver.
b. Blood glucose levels are kept in a steady state by selective excretion and
reuptake by the kidneys.
c. Ingested glucose that is not needed for cellular metabolism circulates in
the blood until it is taken up to meet cellular needs.
d. Blood glucose levels are primarily a result of the timing, quantity, and
character of food intake. - -Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is
converted and stored by the liver.
-A 60-year-old man has presented to his nurse practitioner because of an
earache that has become progressively more painful in recent days. After
giving his history and having an examination with an otoscope, the man has
been diagnosed with otitis externa. Which of the nurse practitioner's
following statements to the man is most accurate?
Question 4 options:
a. "This likely happened because your ears aren't draining like they should,
but antibiotics that you'll put in your ears will resolve this."
, b. "I'll prescribe some ear drops for you, and in the meantime it's important
not to use ear swabs."
c. "I'm going to instill some warm water into your ear to flush out debris and
bacteria."
d. "You'll need to avoid getting any water in your ear until you finish your
course of antibiotic pills." - -"I'll prescribe some ear drops for you, and in the
meantime it's important not to use ear swabs."
-A 4-year-old boy has had otitis media with effusion (OME) for several weeks
and his condition has recently progressed to acute otitis media (AOM). Which
of the following factors could have contributed to his AOM?
Question 5 options:
Exposure to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Sensorineural deficits in the auditory control apparatus
Accumulation of cerumen in the external acoustic meatus
A deficiency in immunoglobulin G
Reflux of fluid from the boy's nose into his middle ear - -Reflux of fluid from
the boy's nose into his middle ear
-During descent, an airplane passenger is complaining that his "ears are
plugged." What aspect of the structure and function of the ear best accounts
for the passenger's complaint?
Question 6 options:
Air must be able to flow between the middle ear and the nasopharynx in
order to accommodate pressure changes.
The tympanic membrane is selectively permeable in order to accommodate
pressure changes and this capacity is often impaired during upper
respiratory infections.
The eustachian tubes must remain patent to equalize pressure between the
middle ear and inner ear.
The inner ear adjusts its volume in response to atmospheric pressure,
increasing during low pressure and decreasing in high pressure. - -Air must
be able to flow between the middle ear and the nasopharynx in order to
accommodate pressure changes.
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