- Covers all Norman modules (BA Norman England, c1066–c1100) in AQA GCSE History
- detailed
- created by a student who took exams '23 season (predicted/mocks 8/9s)
- can be imported into any flashcard app/website
- follow grade 9 essay structure
- has accompanying textbook available to pu...
Def: feudal system####hierarchy of land ownership developed by the Normans from existing system
in England
What was important to changes in land ownership?####increased William’s powerdecreased others’
power
How did the feudal system increase William’s power?####removed autonomy from the English
What was the power distribution pre-1066?####6 earls controlled all of England
What was the power distribution post-1066?####200 barons w/ land ‘in tenure’ scattered across
England
Def: in tenure####land not owned by barons/knights, could be confiscated at any time
However, (William’s power increased)####William needed to install powerful barons on the border
w/ Wales to prevent invasion
Who controlled Welsh border?####‘Marcher Lords’ Earl of ChesterEarl of ShrewsburyEarl of
Hereford
How were Marcher Lords more powerful?####could build castles, raise armies w/out permission of
King
Therefore, (William’s power increased)####William’s power wasn’t increased uniformly across the
country
How did William decrease others’ power?####formalised oathsnoble class was weakened
What oaths were formalised?####barons to Kingknights to barons
Why were oaths formalised?####to encourage more loyalty
How was the noble class weakened?####6 earls → 200 barons
Why the noble class weakened?####harder to consolidate and coordinate a rebellion
However, (decreased others power)####peasants’ rights remained the same
What are the name for peasants?####cottars and bordarsvilleins
What remained the same for villeins?####had to serve Lord of the manorworked on his
demesnecouldn’t move
Therefore, (noble class weakened)####impact of changes of leadership wasn’t uniform across the
country
What was important about Norman changes to government?####central govlocal gov
In what ways was control of central gov changed?####kingly authority projectedpatronage was
tightened
How was kingly authority projected?####ritual crown wearingsappeared w/ crown at Great Counci
3x a yearcoinage depicted King w/ crown
How was patronage tightened?####only granted to those who swore an oath of fealty
, However, (central gov)####some continuities advisers to the Kingwrits
How was the Kings advisers continued?####witan renamed Kings Court (Curia Regis) an continued to
advise the King
How were writs continued?####still effective and issued to bishops, earls and sheriffs
Therefore, (central gov)####increased control didn’t completely change of central gov
How was control over local gov changed?####English sheriffs removedNorman sheriffs installed
What was different about Norman sheriffs?####had more power: make annual paymentspreside
over shire courtscollect taxesraise armiessome were castellans
Def: castellans####looked after royal castles and forests
However, (Norman sheriffs)####English sheriffs retained initiallysome continuities
What was the name for English sheriffs?####shire reeves
Why were English sheriffs retained initially?####knowledgeable and skilled
What were the continuities of sheriffs?####shire system remained
Def: shire system####dividing up land w/ 1 borough (town) to organise law and taxes under a sheriff
Therefore, (Norman sheriffs)####increased control didn’t completely change local gov
What was important about the Normans’ changes to the legal system?####more effective
courtsmore effective enforcement
Why did the courts become more effective?####honorial courts introducedtrial by combat
introduced
Why were honorial courts introduced?####to help knights manage their estates
Where the courts?####KingsShireHundredHonorialManorial
However, (more effective courts)####most courts remained unchangedother trials still remained
Eg: a court that didn’t change####k
Eg: trials that remaine####
Therefore, (more effective courts)####The courts changes weren’t major and mostly affected the
knights
How did law enforcement become more effective?####murdrum introducedWergild phased out
Def: murdrum####if a crime was committed the village had 5 days to find the culprit or monthly
fines were imposed until they were
Def: Wergild####‘man price’ was paid by murderer to the victim’s family dependent on victim’s
status
What was the man price for a noble?####1700 shillings
What was Wergild replaced by?####murdrum and physical punishments
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller bethblackett. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £4.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
