HSY2601 - Themes In The 19th Century History: Power And The Western World (HSY2601)
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HSY2601 Assignment 5 2023 (ANSWERS)
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Module
HSY2601 - Themes In The 19th Century History: Power And The Western World (HSY2601)
Institution
University Of South Africa (Unisa)
HSY2601 Assignment 5 2023 (ANSWERS)
Extract
Answer the questions below after you have read this extract from a letter written by a South African settler in 1823:
I now avail myself of an opportunity by a medical friend to transmit you a Bushman or Bosjeman's scull for the use of the Phrenolo...
HSY2601 - Themes In The 19th Century History: Power And The Western World (HSY2601)
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, 1. The purpose of the source, "On Nationality" by Giuseppe Mazzini, is to advocate for the
importance of national unity and the formation of a democratic Italian state. Mazzini argues
that Europe lacks unity in faith, mission, and aim, and this unity is necessary for progress.
He criticizes those who uphold the old unity through violence or compromise, stating that it
perpetuates the crisis and intensifies its outcome. Mazzini identifies two major questions in
Europe: the transformation of authority (the Revolution) and the question of nationalities.
He sees the question of nationalities as crucial and believes that resolving it requires
changing the map of Europe and its public law. Mazzini emphasizes the need for the
alliance of peoples, a balance of power, and the organization of work to achieve the goals
of European unity and progress.
The author's explicit message is the significance of national unity and the resolution of the
question of nationalities for Europe's development. Implicitly, Mazzini also conveys the
idea that social change and progress are interconnected with political and economic
transformations. He suggests that the European initiative and progress will arise from
addressing the question of nationalities and reshaping the balance of power.
2. The author, Giuseppe Mazzini, uses persuasive and argumentative language to convey
his message. He presents his ideas in a clear and logical manner, discussing the crisis of
unity in Europe and the need for a new unity based on nationalities. Mazzini contrasts the
social question with the question of nationalities and highlights the importance of resolving
the latter through the destruction of the treaties of 1815 and the reorganization of Europe's
map and public law. He appeals to the reader's sense of reason and calls for a calm and
careful analysis of the elements of this new unity. Mazzini also employs rhetoric to
emphasize the significance of the question of nationalities as the alliance of peoples and
the driving force for European progress.
3. Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian political activist, writer, and nationalist. He was male,
belonging to the male-dominated society of his time. Mazzini came from a middle-class
background and was involved in revolutionary movements advocating for the unification of
Italy. He was a republican and believed in democratic principles. Mazzini's religious views
were influenced by his Catholic upbringing, although he became critical of the institutional
church. He was born in Genoa, Italy, and spent much of his life involved in political
activities and writing.
The author's background and beliefs can provide context and insight into his motivations
and perspectives. Mazzini's status as an Italian nationalist and his involvement in political
movements shape the focus of his arguments and his emphasis on the importance of
national unity and self-determination.
4. The intended audience of this source appears to be the wider public, particularly those
interested in political and social issues in Europe during the 19th century. Mazzini's
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