Consolidated essay plans based around the 9PL0 Government and Politics specification, specifically the feminism option. Designed to be brief enough to memorise but broad enough to adapt to more specific questions. Plans are based around state, society, economy, and human nature, and contain a varie...
Politics Essay Plans (Feminism)
(1) Feminism (4 plans)
ETE to which feminists agree on the role of the state
Thesis: feminists agree that the male bourgeois state is an instrument of
female oppression (in various social and economic policy-based
manifestations); whilst liberal feminists believe the state can be salvaged,
second wave feminists prefer a cultural revolution and creation of a new state
P1- socialist vs radical (nature of oppression)
STATE OPPRESSION IS ECONOMIC STATE OPPRESSION IS SOCIAL
-> Engels: patriarchy is a capitalistic -> Perkins Gilman: girls are socialised
economic phenomenon that relegates to assume the role of mother and
women to a ‘reserve army of labour’ homemaker in a position of inferiority
to create cheap labour and an unpaid that transcends economic life
workforce of homemakers -> De Beauvoir: women are socially
-> Rowbotham: the male bourgeoise conditioned to be inferior from birth
state has a vested interest in and denied existential freedom via the
preserving the cultural myth of the myth of the ‘eternal feminine’
family as a unit of consumption in BUT all feminists recognise oppression
order to sustain its own socio-cultural of women under the male bourgeoise
hegemony state
PATRIARCHY HAS ECONOMIC ROOTS BOTH IDENTIFY STATE-BASED
OPPRESSION
P2- radical vs postmodern (primacy of gender)
GENDER IS ALL-DEFINING IN GENDER IS ONE OF MANY SOCIAL
NATURE FACTORS
-> Millett: the biggest determinant of -> bell hooks: state oppression is
social discrimination and oppressive determined by many social factors
state actions is gender, reinforced by that cannot be separated, as they
pervasive patriarchy intersect to create unique situations
-> All state actions under patriarchy -> Solidarity above sisterhood; the
are political since they involve men state should embrace diversity and
exercising power over women, as a alleviate all oppression
macrocosm of society: gender is the BUT both want to eradicate state
central motive behind these sexism, post-modernists simply have
behaviours a broader agenda
GENDER DETERMINES HUMAN BOTH FIND HUMAN NATURE TO BE
NATURE EQUAL
P3- liberal vs radical (solution to oppression)
PATRIARCHY CAN BE REFORMED SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS
-> Freidan: structural injustices NECESSARY
against women in society can be -> Rowbotham: a ‘revolution within a
removed by the state enacting legal revolution’ is needed to create social
and social justice (equality legislation equality
etc) -> A socialist revolution will not
-> De Beauvoir: women must be automatically liberate women, as they
granted equal opportunities to men must also be freed from oppression in
through education, economic home life and wider culture
freedom, state childcare, legalised -> This was based on Engels’
, abortion, and access to contraception revolutionary ideas
-> This will eradicate gendered BUT all feminists want to eradicate
disadvantage gendered state inequalities and
PATRIARCHY CAN BE SLOWLY eradicate patriarchy
REMOVED BOTH WANT TO DISMANTLE
PATRIARCHY
ETE to which feminists agree on the nature of society
Thesis: feminists agree that society is strongly patriarchal and there is a
pronounced consensus around creating gender equality; radical feminists want
to extend this equality to the private domain, socialists to economic systems,
and postmodernists throughout all exploited social groups
P1- liberal vs radical (public domain)
NO PATRIARCHY IN PRIVATE THE PERSONAL IS THE POLITICAL
DOMAIN -> Hansich: ‘the personal is political’
-> Liberal feminists draw a distinction because every interaction in
between the public and private patriarchy reflects male power over
spheres as in liberalism the private women, even in private homes
sphere is individualistic and should -> Millett: all heterosexual
not be moderated by others or by the relationships are political in
state patriarchal society as they involve
-> Freidan: patriarchal discrimination men exercising undue power over
in the public domain (eg sexual women
assault or workplace mistreatment) BUT both aim to elevate women’s
should be combatted, thereby freeing private status just disagree over
women within their private lives acceptable intervention
FEMINISM SHOULD EXAMINE PUBLIC BOTH AIM TO INSTATE SOCIAL
SOCIETY EQUALITY
P2- socialist vs postmodern (economic patriarchy)
PATRIARCHY IS ECONOMIC AT PATRIARCHY IS SOCIAL AT ITS
HEART CORE
-> Engels: patriarchy is a capitalistic -> Perkins Gilman: girls are socialised
economic phenomenon that relegates to assume the role of mother and
women to a ‘reserve army of labour’ homemaker in a position of inferiority
to create cheap labour and an unpaid that transcends economic life
workforce of homemakers -> bell hooks: economics is one facet
-> Rowbotham: male bourgeoise of a matrix of social characterises
society has a vested interest in exploited by imperialist white
preserving the cultural myth of the supremacist patriarchal culture
family as a unit of consumption in BUT all feminists recognise the
order to sustain its own socio-cultural economic exploitation of women
hegemony under capitalism
PATRIARCHY HAS ECONOMIC ROOTS BOTH IDENTIFY ECONOMIC
OPPRESSION
P3- liberal vs socialist (solution to oppression)
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