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  3. University Of Greenwich
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  5. Forensics Science (CHEM1025)

Lecture notes

Intro to Fingerprints
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Fingerprints are the most dynamic type of evidence... They are one-of-a-kind, permanent, objective, and precise... The outcomes are definitive and final. Fingerprints can be identified to the exclusion of all others, something other sorts of forensic testing cannot do. Even DNA is not as precise, w...

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  • July 17, 2023
  • 13
  • 2017/2018
  • Lecture notes
  • David dibbs
  • All classes

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Introduction to Fingerprints


Fundamental Principles
Uniqueness
• A fingerprint is individual
• No two fingers have ever been found to be the same
• Persistence
• Fingerprints form in-utero
• Persist for sometime post-mortem
• Immutability
• Fingerprints remain unchanged through an individuals lifetime


Friction Ridge
Pattern found only on
• Marsupials
• Primate
• Specialised configuration of ridged skin
• Increased surface area
• Enhanced grip
• Sweat Pores
• Higher concentration in friction ridge skin
• Further enhances grip
• Provides the ability for latent fingermarks

, Fingerprint Anatomy
 Fingerprints develop in-utero
 From 4th month of gestation
 Epidermis
 Outer layers of skin
 Dermis
• Inner layer of skin between epidermis and subcutaneous tissue
• Layer responsible for our individual Patterns


Fingerprint Classification
 Gross classification
 Broken down into smaller ridge characteristics


Two reference points
• Delta:
• Triangular section where the central and outer ridges diverge
• Core:
• Central lines of a fingerprint, Both important for conducting ridge/minutiae
counts and comparisons.

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