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® RS GCSE – Religion, Peace & CONFLICT
Religion, Peace and Conflict
4 Mark Qs:
Explain two contrasting beliefs about violence (4)
o Xns would say God gave free will and so sometimes violence needs to be used to
force change for the common good – principle of utility e.g. war against Hitler
o Bt would say violence is never right and does not show right action but is acting
out of hatred and is unskillful and causes dukkha to others. It also breaks several
of the moral precepts but in the Dhamma it says ‘hatred does not cease by
hatred; hatred ceases by love’
Explain two contrasting beliefs about weapons of mass destruction (4)
o Some Xns see the stockpiling of nuclear weapons is good as it acts as a deterrent
and can be used to maintain peace with other countries and prevent attack.
o Bts would say that it is never right to have nuclear weapons because there is
always a risk that they will be used as long as they exist. They believe that the real
problem is not the weapon but the attitude of humans and when there is hatred
it will seek a means to hurt others
Explain two contrasting beliefs about pacifism (4)
o Most Xns aren’t pacifists because they believe in St Thomas Aquinas Just War
theory and so they would believe if all the conditions of that is met e.g last resort
then it would be acceptable to go to war to try and achieve peace
o Bts strongly promote pacifism. They believe that war breaks the first moral
precept and causes dukkha whilst acting out of hatred. Buddha taught that they
should develop compassion for all beings as well as ahimsa (non -violence) as
the ‘key to a happier and more successful world is the growth of compassion’
and the Dalai said ‘peace ca exist if everyone respects all others’
Explain two similar beliefs about greed as a reason for war (4)
o Xns would say greed for land, money and power is wrong is ‘for the love of
money is the root of all evil’ and if you were to go to war it should follow Thomas
Aquinas just War theory
o Bts say greed is always wrong as it is one of the three poisons and stops a
Buddhist from attaining enlightenment. Greed is caused by craving which the
Buddha said ‘it is craving which leads to renewed existence’
Explain two similar beliefs about retaliation as a reason for war (4)
o Xns would follow J teaching to ‘turn the other cheek’
o For Bts retaliation is a form of vengeance and expresses hatred therefore
increasing others suffering when the aim is to find the ‘cessation to dukkha.’
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