8 pages of class notes from grade 9/ A* student for Elizabeth's Early Rule and the Religious Settlement in the Early Elizabethan England Topic in GCSE Edexcel History.
Contains in depth notes and a few sample essay questions throughout with either an example essay or an essay plan. This is the ...
EARLY
ELIZABETHAN
ENGLAND
Elizabeth's Early Rule and
The Religious Settlement
GCSE Edexcel
Notes and Sample Essay Questions (EQ)
, The Tudor Dynasty
- Elizabeth was the last of the tudor monarchs, who ruled England from
1485 to 1603.
- Henry VIII ruled from 1509 to 1547, he believed he needed a male heir,
although his firstborn was a daughter. He made himself head of the
Church of England, so he could divorce and remarry. The church
remained Catholic but had some Protestant influences. Henry's Wars
with France and Scotland also increased poverty due to the increased
food prices and religious change led to opposition.
- Edward VI ruled from 1547 to 1553, under Edward, the Church of
England became Protestant, but in 1549, Catholics in the southwest
rebelled. Harvest was bad and prices rose, increasing poverty. Loads of
Farm labourers and cloth workers lost their jobs causing more rebellion
in Norfolk. When Edward died childless, the Duke of Northumberland
tried to make daughter-in-law Queen. However, even Protestants
supported the Tudor heir, Mary, even though she was Catholic.
- Merry first ruled from 1553 to 1558, Mary was the daughter of Catherine
of Aragon and Henry VIII, she was Catholic married to Philip the second
of Spain, also Catholic. Wyatt's rebellion broke out due to fear that the
Spanish were going to try and control the country; Mary defeated this
executed 90 Rebels. Mary restored the authority of the Pope and
executed 300 Protestants. Severe epidemics of influenza killed
thousands and after two terrible harvests, people died of starvation due
to high prices. Mary also joined Spain in the war against France but lost
Calais.
Elizabethan society and government
- Elizabeth ruled over a population of about 3 million people. Society was very
structured and had a hierarchy, craftspeople, labourers, servants and the poor
were at the bottom. Then Yeomen (farmers with their own land) and Tenant
farmers (farmers who rented land from a land owner), followed by wealthy
merchants, then the gentry, then nobles and lords with the Queen and God at
the top.
- The structure of an Elizabethan Society was also reflected in the way that the
country was governed, by 1558, there was a sophisticated framework for
running the country. The monarch was responsible for all big decisions, but
only ruled effectively with the support from the politically important classes:
the nobility and gentry.
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