Chapter 3: Drug Action Across the Life Span
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What time will the trough blood level need to be drawn if the nurse administers the intravenous medication dose at 9:00 AM?
a.
6:30 AM
b.
8:30 AM
c.
9:30 AM
d.
11:30 AM
ANS: B
Trough blood levels measure ...
Chapter 21: Introduction to Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A patient with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 would be considered to be in which weight
category?
a. Underweight
b. Normal weight
c. Overweight
d. Obese
ANS: C
A BMI of less than 18.5 is considered underweight. A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered
normal weight. A BMI of 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight. A BMI of 30 to 34.9 is
considered obesity, class I; 35 to 39.9 is considered obesity, class II; and more than 40 is
considered extreme obesity.
2. What is the most critical approach to the treatment of metabolic syndrome?
a. Psychotherapy
b. Pharmacotherapy
c. Lifestyle management
d. Patient education
ANS: C
Lifestyle management is critical for managing metabolic syndrome; other approaches will not
be effective without it. Psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and patient education are not the
most critical approaches to treating metabolic syndrome.
3. Healthy diets should include no more than which percentage of saturated fat based on total
calories?
a. 30%
b. 10%
c. 7%
d. 2%
ANS: C
A healthy diet should have no more than 7% of calories from saturated fat. A diet with 30% or
10% saturated fat would not be considered a healthy diet. A diet can have up to 7% saturated
fat before it is considered unhealthy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 342 OBJ: 3
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
4. Which ethnic group or gender is at greatest risk for developing metabolic syndrome?
a. Hispanic women
b. Asian men
c. African American men
d. White women
ANS: A
Hispanic women have the highest incidence rate of metabolic syndrome at 27%. Asian men,
African American men, and white women are not at the highest risk for metabolic syndrome.
5. What is the incidence of metabolic syndrome in the United States?
a. 1 in 4000
b. 1 in 400
c. 1 in 40
d. 1 in 4
ANS: D
The incidence of metabolic syndrome in the United States is 1 in 4, or about 50 million adults.
One in 4000, one in 400, and one in 40 are each less than the incidence of metabolic syndrome
in the United States.
6. Which is the mechanism of action demonstrated by exercise in managing blood glucose
levels?
a. Exercise causes release of glucose and promotes a reduced blood glucose level.
b. Exercise on a regular basis causes a reduction in lean body mass, which helps
regulate blood glucose levels.
c. Increased muscle mass and less fat tends to normalize blood glucose levels because
glucose is used by muscle cells when exercising.
d. Exercise stimulates the liver, the primary storage and utilization site of glucose, to
release glucose.
ANS: C
Exercise leads to more muscle and less fat, so blood glucose levels tend to return to normal.
Exercise increases the rate of glucose uptake in the contracting skeletal muscles. Exercise on a
regular basis prevents reduction in lean body mass and protein wasting. The liver is not the
primary storage and utilization site of glucose.
, 7. Which instruction by the nurse is accurate to include in a patient’s care to manage metabolic
syndrome?
a. Encourage the client to exercise 20 minutes every day.
b. Eliminate alcohol intake.
c. Increase simple carbohydrates in the diet.
d. Reduce stress.
ANS: D
Stress reduction is important in the management of metabolic syndrome. Twenty minutes of
exercise is not adequate. Alcohol intake needs to be restricted but does not have to be
eliminated. Complex carbohydrates are appropriate in the management of metabolic
syndrome.
8. What lifestyle choice(s) may aggravate metabolic syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
a. Excessive tobacco smoking
b. Inadequate hydration
c. Excessive exercise
d. Inadequate caloric intake
e. Excessive consumption of alcohol
ANS: A, E
Smoking and excessive consumption of alcohol may aggravate metabolic syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome is not directly affected by inadequate hydration. Metabolic syndrome is
directly affected by a sedentary lifestyle, not excessive exercise. Metabolic syndrome is
directly affected by increased, not inadequate, caloric intake.
9. In addition to type 2 diabetes and heart disease, which condition(s) is/are associated with
metabolic syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
a.Dementia
b.Insomnia
c.Renal disease
d.Obstructive sleep apnea
e.Orthostatic hypotension
f.Polycystic ovary syndrome
ANS: A, C, D, F
Dementia, renal disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and polycystic ovary syndrome are
associated with metabolic syndrome. Insomnia and orthostatic hypotension are not associated
with metabolic syndrome.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 339 OBJ: 1
10. Drug therapy for initial treatment of metabolic syndrome is targeted at controlling which
condition(s)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Obstructive sleep apnea
b. Diabetes mellitus
c. Hypertension
d. Obesity
e. Dyslipidemia
f. Insulin resistance
ANS: B, C, E
Pharmacologic approaches to managing metabolic syndrome are targeted toward controlling
diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. There is no pharmacologic intervention for
obstructive sleep apnea. Obesity should be addressed before pharmacologic therapy begins.
Insulin resistance is not dealt with pharmacologically in the early management of metabolic
syndrome.
11. Which cardiovascular condition(s) is/are related to coronary artery diseases (CADs)? (Select
all that apply.)
a. Angina pectoris
b. Pulmonary stenosis
c. Acute myocardial infarction
d. Pericarditis
e. Venous stasis ulcers
ANS: A, C
Angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction are considered CADs. Pulmonary stenosis is
a congenital heart disease. Pericarditis is inflammation of the tissue surrounding the heart.
Venous stasis ulcers are not related to CAD.
12. Metabolic syndrome includes which key characteristic(s)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Abdominal obesity
c. Low high density lipoproteins
d. Hypertension
e. Osteoporosis
ANS: A, B, C, D
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, low high density
lipoproteins, and hypertension. Osteoporosis is not a characteristic of metabolic syndrome.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 339 OBJ: 1
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