OCR Biology A (A-level) Covering topics such as: Anaerobic respiration and the use of respirometer, Oxidative phosphorylation pathway, Respiration within link reaction, Krebs cycle and glycolysis pathways, Factors affecting photosynthesis (limiting factors), photosynthesis pathways -> light dep...
Oxidative
The Rate of Respiration can be Measured using a Respirometer
reduced coen
Each tube contains potassium hydroxide solution ( hydrogen ions
or soda lime), which absorbs carbon dioxide. transport chai
mitochondrial
The control tube is set up in exactly the same way as the test tube, but
without the woodlice, to make sure the results are only due to the woodlice electrons from
respiring (e.g. it contains beads that have the same mass as the woodlice). of redox react
passing the el
the electron c
Coloured fluid is added to the manometer by dipping A respirometer
manometer (a capillary tube filled with coloured fluid, with a calibrated
scale) syringe closed tap woodlice on gauze the end of the capillary tube energy prov
into a beaker of fluid. Capillary action will make the fluid move into the carriers is us
tube. potas The syringe is then used to set the fluid to a known level. across IM in
Yeast and plants use alchoholic fermentation to enable
hydrogen io
So ethanAl is the hydrogen acceptor - glycolysis to continue. Pyruvate is decarboxylated to
matrix down
producing CO2 (irreversible reaction) EthanAl which in turn is reduced to ethanOl reoxidising NAD
through ATP
in the process
hydrogen ato
In mammals pyruvate is converted to lactate.
hydrogen ion
Lactate can be converted back to pyruvate in Pyruvate acts as the hydrogen acceptor to enable
atoms are the
liver cells when the oxygen levels rise again NADH to be reoxidised to NAD which can then be
produce wate
used to continue the reactions in glycolysis
in order for some ATP to ATP production needs to happen but cannot
be produced anaerboic be done by oxidative phosphorylation due to
respiration allows lack of oxygen to act as final electron
Anaerobic respiration
glycolysis to continue acceptor
38 ATP molecules per glucose is a process when ATP is
generates the
theoretical yield but rarely happens as IM synthesized in the
membrane is 'leaky' to H+ therefore not all
majority of ATP in
electron transport
Oxidative phosphorylation
H+ move through the ATPase
aerobic respiration
chain in mitochondria R
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