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AQA GCSE History: Medicine- 19th Century
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A full in depth notes summary of AQA GCSE Medicine in the 19th Century. These notes managed to get me a grade 8 on my AQA History GCSE in 2022. All notes have been made using class notes, teacher notes and AQA History guides. All notes that i have made are Dyslexia friendly, are colourful and easy ...

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  • August 30, 2023
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  • 2023/2024
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The problem of pain
- In 1800’s, surgery was terrifying to think about as surgeons
couldn't stop or control pain during an operation
- Before the 1800's, there were some substances that could stop
pain, like hashish, mandrake and opium but it was hard to judge
and effective dosage.
- Alcohol was used as a painkiller but it stimulated the heart and
caused heavy bleeding in wounds
- As a result, surgeons operated quickly to reduce pain and did not
attempt complicated surgery.
Oppositions to anaesthetics
- Surgeons were used to operating quickly and on a conscious
patient
- Some army surgeons during the Crimean war (1853-1856) thought
that soldiers should put up with pain
- In the early days of chloroform, some patients died because
doctors didn't understand that patients need different doses of it,
depending on their weight
- There was religious objections as pain in childbirth because it was
thought to be God’s will

In 1853, queen victoria used an anaesthetic for childbirth which made it
acceptable and ‘fashionable’. But anaesthetics didn't revolutionise
surgery because there was still a high death rate from infections during
operations.
Joseph Lister: Germ theory
In the late 1860’s, Louis Pasture’s germ theory came to the attention of
British doctors and it was revolutionised because of Joseph Lister (1827-
1912). Lister was a professor of surgery in Glasgow

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