Chapter_03_Moon_Phases_and_Eclipses
1
The Moon moves slowly against the background of the constellations.
True
False
2
Any location on the Moon is sunlit for three weeks and is in darkness for one week as the Moon rotates.
True
False
3
In most months, there are no eclipse...
1
The most widely accepted system of measurement is the metric system.
True
False
2
Earth is approximately 13,000 km in diameter.
True
False
3
convenient method to write very large numbers is to use scientific
A
notation.
True
False
4
he Universe consists of the Sun, its family of planets, and some smaller
T
bodies such as moons, asteroids, and comets.
True
False
5
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are only located at a distance of 1 AU
or less from the Sun.
True
False
6
ranus is one of a group of dwarf planets and other small objects that have
U
been discovered circling the Sun beyond Neptune.
True
False
7
Our Solar System formed 14 billion years ago with the Big Bang.
, True
False
8
Humanity is very new to the Universe.
True
False
9
Scientists try to form hypotheses that explain how nature works.
True
False
10
he scientific method is a simple, mechanical way of grinding facts into
T
understanding.
True
False
11
ou are analyzing driveway lengths within your neighborhood and
Y
surrounding neighborhoods, and your data is to be presented to the city
council. Which would be the most appropriate unit of measurement?
iles
m
kilometers
meters
inches
feet millimeters
Voters have an incentive to be ignorant. When
acquiring information about candidates, the benefits of
the information may be less than the costs of its
acquisition, which means it is rational to be ignorant.
An informed voter is no more likely to change an
election outcome than an uninformed voter.
Furthermore, casting a vote is likely to have little effect
on whether a particular candidate wins, so a voter may
even choose not to vote.
12
ou need to drive to a research site to collect some samples. The site is 250
Y
miles away. What is the approximate distance in kilometers?
250 km
, 06 km
1
400 km
500 km
156 km
The process of understanding the electoral system, the
candidates' platforms, and critically assessing the
candidates' policies ends up being too costly for the
voter, especially in terms of the time requirements.
Moreover, voters may think that individual votes do not
count.
13
Jupiter is located approximately 5.2 AU away from the Sun. What is the
distance in kilometers?
.7 x 107 km
3
5.2 x 108 km
1.4x 109 km
7.8 x 108 km
8.0 x 108 km
Because the costs are diffused among a very large
number of taxpayers, and so the cost of opposing the
policy becomes prohibitive for a single individual. Thus
they remain rationally ignorant.
14
What is Earth's distance from the Sun?
.39 AU
0
0.72 AU
1.0 AU
1.5 AU
2.8 AU
No, rational ignorance and irrationality are not the
same. To be irrational is to not act in your own self
interest. To be rationally ignorant implies that you are
acting rationally by being uninformed. In this case, the
costs of being informed exceed the benefits of
becoming informed.
15
Which best represents 5,362,000,000 kilometers in scientific notation?
.4 x 109 m
5
5 x 1010 km
53.6 x 106 km
5.362 x 109 mi
5.362 x 109 km
The incentives for voters to be informed are low
because the payoff of being informed is low. That is,
studying position papers, examining voting histories,
and listening to political speeches is sometimes
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