This document contains RCD3700-Reinforced Concrete Design IV Project Solutions which includes Structural Layout, Design of slabs, beams, columns footing and software application (prokon)
1.2 Limit State Design Method .................................................................................................................. 4
1.3. Scope of the Project............................................................................................................................... 5
1.4. Specific Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 5
3.0 DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS ........................................................................................... 7
3.1 Design Data ............................................................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Slab design using prokon ................................................................................................................... 49
4.2 Beam design using prokon ................................................................................................................ 53
4.3 Column design using prokon............................................................................................................ 61
4.4 Footing design using prokon ............................................................................................................ 73
,PREVIEW
4.3 Column design using prokon
,1.0 INTRODUCTION
A structure is a system that serves the purpose of sustaining loads. The basic purpose of
a structure is to transmit load from point of application to the foundation. Structural
design is the process of creating structures which are capable of safely performing their
function.
The first step in design is planning carried out by the architect to determine the
arrangement and layout of the building to meet the client’s requirements. The best
structural system is then determined by the structural engineer to bring the architect’s
concept into being.
According to MacGinley and B.S. Choo, 1990 the design problem consists of the
following:
idealization of the structure into loadbearing frames and elements for analysis
and design
2. estimation of loads
3. analysis to determine the maximum moments, thrusts and shears for design
4. Design of sections and reinforcement arrangements for slabs, beams, columns
and walls using the results from 3.
5. Production of arrangement and detail drawings and bar schedules (T.J.
McGinley and B.S. Choo, 1990).
1.1 Design Philosophy
The design is based on the limit state design method.
1.2 Limit State Design Method
Limit state design is a method that has been evolved to achieve acceptable probabilities
so that the structure being designed will remain fit and achieve its intended purpose. A
structure, or part of a structure, is considered unfit for use when it exceeds a particular
state, called a limit state, beyond which it infringes one of the criteria governing its
performance or use.
,Structures designed by the limit state method will have acceptable probabilities that
they will not reach a limit state, that is will not become unfit for their purpose by
collapse, overturning, buckling, deformation, cracking, vibration, and that the structure
will be durable. The usual approach is to design on the most critical limit state and then
to check that the remaining limit states will not be reached. For example you design for
moment then check for shear and deflection.
1.3. Scope of the Project
This project focuses on the structural design and analysis of a three storey Apartment.
All the structural element designs are to SANS codes of practice. The design method is
that of the limit state design and the design software is prokon.
1.4. Specific Objectives
To design a structure that adheres to the safety standards of South Africa.
To design the following elements: slabs, beams, columns, pad footing.
To produce a sound structural design in terms of Function, Economy, Safety and
Aesthetics.
To produce drawings that can be used for construction on-site.
To achieve an acceptable probability that the structure being designed will
perform satisfactorily during their intended life. With an appropriate degree of
safety, it should sustain all the loads and deformations of normal construction
and use and have adequate durability and have adequate resistance to the effects
of misuse and fire.
,2.0 STRUCTURAL LAYOUT
,3.0 DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
3.1 Design Data
Relevant Building SANS 10100-1:2000, The Structural Use of Concrete.
Regulations & Design Part 1 Design
Codes Part 2: Material and execution of work
SANS 10160-1 Basis of structural and actions for buildings
and industrial structures
Part 1: Basis of structural design
Part 2: Self weight and imposed loads
SANS0161. The design of foundations for buildings
SANS 0144. Detailing of steel reinforcement for concrete
Concrete Characteristic strength of concrete fcu = 30MPa
Soil Allowable bearing capacity = 150 kPa
,3.2 Slab Design
,
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