If you're studying a life science (e.g. - biomed, bioscience, physiology, sports science, sports physiology etc), then this detailed set of lecture notes on respiration and ATP will help you smash your first set of exams on cell/molecular biology!
You'll need an in depth knowledge of respiration...
Metabolism and Metabolic Pathways
Metabolism = 2 definitions:
1) The sum total of the chemical processes that occur in living organisms, resulting in growth,
production of energy, elimination of waste material, etc.
2) The sum total of the chemical processes affecting a particular substance in the body: e.g.
carbohydrate metabolism; iodine metabolism, etc.
Bioenergetics = Study of flow of energy in living systems:
- Autotrophs (e.g. plants) use solar energy and CO2 to make energy-rich molecules (e.g. –
carbs)
- Heterotrophs (e.g. humans) obtain energy in chemical form by degrading molecules made
form autotrophs
Energy = ability to move/change matter
- Kinetic energy = energy of motion
- Potential energy = stored energy
- Chemical energy = stored energy available for release
Autotrophs/Heterotrophs ≠ heat for energy
Autotrophs/Heterotrophs only use Gibb’s free energy (amount of energy capable for doing work e.g.
– ‘free’ solar energy and ‘free’ chemical energy
(Remember, endergonic reaction needs free energy (non-spontaneous) exergonic reaction releases
energy and includes many catabolic reactions)
The chemical energy stored in bonds = due to arrangement of E- in the bonds between their atoms
Metabolic pathways are very complex and break down into 2 main aims:
- Convert nutrient molecules into precursors for cell’s own molecules, build up
larger/macromolecules using the precursors
- Degrade organic molecules into smaller end products (e.g. – lactic acid, CO2)
Anabolic and Catabolic reactions = metabolic terms
Manufacture of proteins from aa = anabolic
Breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration = catabolic
Energy released from catabolic reactions can be used to drive anabolic reactions
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jaz2. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £4.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
