Lecture notes consist of material provided by the lecturer (black text), names and dates of research studies (red text) and information for extra reading that I added myself (purple text).
When there is any form of data being reported, it must be put within a context and given
an importance. Need to include context in essay exam questions!
Memory:
Memory can be divided into two types, there is a basic distinction:
o Declarative Explicit, can be stated verbally, can reflect on it consciously. Can
be further divided into:
Episodic memory Personally experienced events, based in a time and
place, e.g. when, where and who you married.
Semantic memory General knowledge, unlikely to recall when learnt
(in Alzheimer’s?, likely to recall in general population?), e.g. a young dog
is called a puppy.
o Non-Declarative Implicit, cannot be verbalised, automatic, memories for
behaviours, e.g. riding a bike. You can remember how to do it and remember
doing it but you cannot describe the process of completing the task verbally.
Cognitive changes with age: Benton et al. (2005)
Primary Memory Ability to hold information for short periods.
o Can be tested using digit span.
o Only limited changes with age.
Episodic Memory
o Short-term recall changes little with age.
o Retrieval from long-term stores can be a problem. More so with free rather
than cued recall.
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