Essay
Unit 11 M3
- Institution
- PEARSON (PEARSON)
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BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma in Applied ScienceAssignment Front Sheet/Feedback Sheet
Unit 11: Physiology of Human Body Systems
Assignment Title: 11.3 Respiratory System
Registration
Learner’s Name:
number:
Start Date: Deadline:
Grading Criteria: Met
P4 Take measurements related to the respiratory system, relating the results to the function of
the respiratory system
M3 Explain the need for ventilation systems in a multi-cellular organism
Assessor’s Feedback (see also sheet on reverse)
Attempted: P4 M3
Carried out measurement of peak expiratory flow rate safely for P4 – Observed by assessor: Yes/No
Carried out measurements of lung volumes safely for P4 – Observed by assessor: Yes/No
Assessor’s Name Assessor’s Signature Date
S.Casey
IV Comments (if student needs to correct or add to work)
Learner’s Declaration:
I certify that the work submitted is my own.
Learner’s Signature Date
, Feedback Sheet
GC Action Done
P4 Measured own peak expiratory flow rate
P4 Collated the class results working out range and means
P4 Compared the class results with published norms
P4 Plan and report of an investigation into the effect of exercise on ventilation rate
P4 Planned method written up
P4 Prediction made
P4 Results recorded in suitable tables
P4 Measurement of tidal volume and vital capacity using spiropets and spirometer
P4 Class results collated and tabulated
P4 Description and explanation of trace obtained using a spirometer
P4 Using the spirometer trace and class date to calculate inspiratory and expiratory reserve
volumes
P4 Write an illustrated report which relates all the practical results obtained to the
structure and function of the respiratory system including:
-Outline of ventilation mechanism (inspiration & expiration)
-Include description of role of ribs and diaphragm in creating pressure changes
-Briefly mention the site and process of gas exchange
P4 Describe how respiratory system adapts during exercise calculating VR before and after
exercise explaining why these are necessary
M3 Draw a labelled and annotated diagram of the human respiratory system including the
following structures:
-Mouth
-Nasal cavities
-Pharynx
-Larynx
-Trachea
-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
M3 Draw a labelled and annotated diagram of the gas exchange system including the alveoli
and capillary network
M3 Name the substances that are taken in and removed across the exchange surface in the
lungs
M3 Include why these substances need exchanging including where there are used and
produced
M3 Describe how the respiratory system (ventilation and gas exchange components) are
adapted to fulfil their role including the following:
-Large surface area
-Thin/short diffusion pathway
-High concentration gradients
M3 Refer back to work in 11.2 explaining why large multicellular organisms combine a
transport system with an exchange surface with a large surface area
,(M) A labelled and annotated diagram of the human
respiratory system
A labelled and annotated diagram of the gas exchange system
AIR
Alveolus Thin
Layer of
water
Bloo
d
Movement High CO2
of O2 Concentrati
on
Movement
of Co2
The substances that are taken in and removed across the exchange surface in the lungs
Include why these substances need exchanging including where there are used and produced
The body requires oxygen in order to produce energy for our cells to do work. Therefore, we must
have an efficient system of taking oxygen from the air. Our bodies also produce a gas called carbon
dioxide that must be efficiently removed from the body to prevent cell damage. When we inhale, we
take oxygen from air. When we exhale, we get rid of the carbon dioxide.
, Adaption’s in our respiratory system that are adapted to fulfill their role in our body
The lungs are very well adapted for gas exchange.
• The lungs contain millions of alveoli (air sacs) which give a very large surface area for diffusion of
gases.
• Each alveolus is very close to a capillary. The oxygen from air in the alveoli diffuses the short
distance across these cells and then across the thin walls of blood capillaries, into the blood.
• Oxygen from alveolar air diffuses down its gradient into the blood and joins with the haemoglobin
in enthrocytes.
• Carbon dioxide, carried back from respiring cells in the blood, diffuses down its gradient into the
alveoli and is breathed out. If it stayed in the blood it would be toxic as it would lower the blood
PH.
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