Lecture notes
Fungi
- Module
- BIOL1029
- Institution
- University Of Southampton (UOS)
lecture notes on fungi
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Kingdom FungiChitin cell walls
Heterotrophs - absorb nutrients
No chlorophyll
Growth mostly through hyphae
Reproduction through spores
Fungi can be saprophytic (feeding off dead tissue) or parasitic (feeding off living tissue)
Origin of fungi
Single cell flagellated ancestor
Aquatic
Poor early fossil record
Choanoflagellates
They're sister groups to animals. Multicellularity evolved separately in fungi and animals.
Prototaxites is a giant fossil fungus up to 8m tall.
Fungal structure
Hyphae of septate fungi are divided into cells
Cells can be dikaryotic
Hyphae of coenocytic fungi lack cross walls
Parasitic fungi can have specialised structures called haustoria
Fungi has periods of its lifecycle where it reproduces sexually, and some asexually.
Reproduction/dispersal via spores
Haploid of varying size and shape
Produced asexually (default) or sexually (contingency)
Dispersed by wind or water
Germinate in moist places
Fungal phyla
Chytridiomycota
Flagella retained in zoospores
Single celled or coenocytic
Saprophytic or parasitic
Can cause 100% mortality (cause of amphibians going extinct)
Zygomycota
Dikaryotic zygosporangia
Soil or decaying material
Hyphae coenocytic
Septae in reproductive hyphae
Glomeromycota
Obligatory symbiotic relationship with plants
Fungus gets carbs and plants get soil minerals
Ascomycota
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