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Straighterline CHEM101 Final Exam/314 Questions with Verified Answers
Straighterline CHEM101 Final Exam/314 Questions with Verified Answers
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Straighterline CHEM101 Final Exam/314Questions with Verified Answers
Mass Number - -total number of neutrons and protons in an atom; # protons
+ # electrons
-p - -Most nonmetallic elements are found in which block of the periodic
table?
-Positive matter is concentrated in the central core - -Ernest Rutherford
disproved J.J. Thomson's plum-pudding model of the atom by showing that...
-Potassium - -Plants use up copious amounts of which alkali metal,
preventing most of it from being washed out to sea?
-2:1:1:2 - -What is the ratio of reactants and products in the chemical
equation?
__NaOH + __H2SO4 --> __Na2SO4 + __H2O
-the number of ATOMS in 12g of Carbon-12
1 g = 6.022 × 1023 amu - -What is Avogadro's number?
-Mg - -What is the reducing agent in the following equation?
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
-(s) < (l) < (g) - -Which arrangement accurately describes the standard
entropy values at different phases?
-2, 8, 20, 50, 82 or 126 protons - -What are the most stable isotopes?
-S = oxidized
N = reduced - -What element has been oxidized and what element has been
reduced?
3CuS + 8HNO3 --> 3CuSO4 + 8NO + 4H2O
-multiply the atomic mass (grams) by the number of moles - -How do you
convert from moles to grams?
-Divide the total number of grams by the atomic mass (grams) of 1 mole - -
How do you convert from grams to moles?
,-Mass - -measure of the amount of matter
-Compound - -made from atoms of 2+ elements that are chemically
bonded; cannot be separated into simpler substances by any physical
process; can be separated by a chemical reaction
-Solid - -Definite shape and volume
Doesn't conform to shape of container
Particles are very close together in orderly fashion with little freedom of
motion
-Liquid - -Definite volume, indefinite shape
Conforms to shape of the part of the container it fills
Particles are close together but not rigidly in position with freedom to move
past each other
-Gas - -No definite shape or volume
Conforms to shape and volume of container
Particles separated by distances very large compared to size of particles
-Physical Property - -Color, melting point, boiling point
Observed and measured without changing identity of substance
-Chemical Property - -Observed by performing a chemical change
-Mixture - -Combination of 2+ elements, each retains its identity and
properties
Can be separated by physical means into pure components without changing
identity of compounds
-Pure Substance - -fixed composition and differs from a mixture (every
sample has same properties and composition)
-Polyatomic Ion - -molecule with a charge
contain more than 1 atom chemically bonded together
-ions - -atoms with charge formed by loss or gain of an electron
-Cation - -positive ion, may have roman numeral
-Anion - -negative ion, element ends in -ide
-isotope - -atom of an element that has a different mass because of a
different number of neutrons, but same atomic number
, -Atomic Number - -total number of protons in an atom; also indicates
number of electrons
-Catalyst - -additional reactant that increases the rate of a reaction with a
lower activation energy
-Surface area
Concentration
Temperature
Catalyst - -What 4 factors impact the rate of a reaction?
-exothermic reaction - -A reaction that RELEASES energy in the form of heat
-endothermic reaction - -A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of
heat
-6.022 x 10^23 particles - -How many particles/atoms/molecules are in a
mole?
-Amount of area exposed for the reaction of a solid - -Surface area impacts
rate of reaction how?
-increase the # of reactants in the container, more collisions occur
w/enough energy & proper orientation - -Concentration impacts rate of
reaction how?
-Higher temperature....more motion....more forceful or higher energy
collisions - -Temperature impacts rate of reaction how?
-Boyle's Law - -pressure increases, volume decreases
pV = constant or p1V1 = p2V2
-Charles' Law - -Volume goes up, then temperature goes up, pressure
remains the same
V/T = constant or V1/T1 = V2/T2
-Avogadro's Law - -volume increases with number increases
v/n
-Guy-Lussac's Law - -increase in temperature & increase in pressure
p/T = constant or p1/T1 = p2/T2
-Ideal Gas Law - -PV = nRT
-when 3 variables are given in an question - -When do you use the Ideal gas
law?
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