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Unit 14 LAA physiological disorders and their care
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Unit 14: Physiological disorders and their careP1: Explain the causes, signs and symptoms of different types of physiological
disorder on the service users.
Introduction
In this assignment I will be discussing two types of physiological disorders,
Leukaemia and diabetes type 2. I will discuss how these disorders develop, the
treatments and managing them throughout individuals lifetimes.
Leukaemia
Cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues, such as the lymphatic system and
bone marrow, is known as leukaemia. Usually, leukaemia affects white blood
cells. Strong infection-fighting white blood cells generally multiply and divide in
an organised way as the body needs them. But in individuals who have
leukaemia, the bone marrow makes an enormous quantity of abnormal,
dysfunctional white blood cells. Research only found that leukaemia seems to
develop from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The risk of
acquiring leukaemia may be increased by the following environmental factors
in addition to excessive ionising radiation exposure. Tobacco smoke and
petrochemicals (such as benzene). (Leukaemia 2022, Mayoclinic).
Inherited traits - Leukaemia often does not run in
families, hence it is not inherited in the majority of cases.
Additionally, even if some individuals inherit genetic
traits that raise their risk, this does not guarantee that
they will develop the disorder.
Lifestyle choices - Smoking, a certain diet, a family
history of cancer, among many other things, can all be risk factors for a certain
type of cancer. Frequently, the precise cause of cancer is unclear. However, risk
factors can increase a person's likelihood of developing cancer. Smokers have a
higher risk of developing acute myeloid leukaemia than non-smokers do.
, Diet - Diets high in fat and poor in fibre may raise the risk of leukaemia colon,
lung, prostate, and uterine cancers, among other cancers. Many cancers may
have a lower likelihood of developing if alcohol consumption is reduced and
body weight is maintained. By consuming a wide variety of nutritious foods as
recommended in the Guide to Healthy Eating, you can lower your chance of
acquiring leukaemia. Although your diet may affect your chance of getting
cancer, there is little proof that certain foods may be used to treat cancer that
has already developed.
Environment - The biggest risks of getting cancer are mostly related to lifestyle
choices. However, exposure to specific chemicals at work, home, and in the
environment may increase a person's risk of getting cancer. Toxic substances
that raise the risk of cancer in persons who are exposed include benzene,
asbestos, vinyl chloride, radon, and arsenic.
Some observational changes can include weight loss without trying, easy
bleeding or bruising and lastly fever or chills. The most typical leukaemia
symptoms, such as weariness, pale skin, weight loss, and night sweats, are
sometimes mistaken for other, less severe illnesses like the flu. (NHS,2019).
Diabetes type 2
A disorder in the body's ability to control and absorb sugar (glucose) as fuel is
type 2 diabetes. This chronic (long-term) disorder causes the bloodstream to
circulate with an excessive amount of sugar. High blood sugar levels may
eventually result in issues with the immune, nervous, and circulatory systems.
There are basically two connected issues at play in type 2 diabetes. The
hormone insulin, which controls how much sugar enters your cells, is not
produced by your pancreas in sufficient amounts, which causes your cells to
react poorly to insulin and absorb less sugar. Although type 1 and type 2
diabetes can start in infancy and adulthood, respectively, type 2 diabetes used
to be known as adult-onset diabetes. Although type 2 is more frequent in
elderly individuals, type 2 instances have increased in younger people as a
result of the rise in childhood obesity. Although there is no cure for type 2
diabetes, you may manage the condition by decreasing weight, eating healthily,
and exercising. (NHS,2017)
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