A. decomposers.
B. prokaryotes.
C. pathogens.
D. eukaryotes.
E. fermenters.
2. The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called
A. decomposers.
B. prokaryotes.
C. pathogens.
D. eukaryotes.
E. fermenters.
3. The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called
A. decomposers.
B. prokaryotes.
C. pathogens.
D. eukaryotes.
E. fermenters.
4. When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is called2013
A. bioremediation.
B. genetic engineering.
C. epidemiology.
D. immunology.
E. taxonomy.
5. Which of the following are not considered microorganisms?
A. mosquitoes
B. protozoa
C. bacteria
D. viruses
E. fungi
6. All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that
A. cause human disease.
B. lack a cell nucleus.
C. are infectious particles.
D. are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
E. can only be found growing in laboratories.
7. Which activity is an example of biotechnology?
A. Bacteria in the soil secrete an antibiotic to kill competitors.
B. A microbiologist uses a microscope to study bacteria.
C. Humans use yeast to make beer and wine.
D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in the lungs.
, 8. Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of
microorganisms?
A. Viruses cause human disease.
B. Vruses are composed of cells that lack nuclei.
C. Viruses cannot be seen without an electron microscope.
D. Viruses contain genetic material.
E. Viruses lack cell structure.
9. The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was
A. Francesco Redi.
B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
C. Louis Pasteur.
D. Joseph Lister.
E. Robert Koch.
10. Pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to prove that
A. air had "vital forces" capable of spontaneous generation.
B. microbial fermentation could be used to make wine.
C. dust in air was a source of living microorganisms.
D. microorganisms could cause disease.
E. microorganisms could be grown in laboratory infusions.
11. Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?
A. belief in a preconceived idea
B. formulate a hypothesis
C. systematic observation
D. laboratory experimentation
E. development of a theory
12. Spontaneous generation is the belief that
A. germs cause infectious diseases.
B. microbes are diverse and ubiquitous.
C. microbes placed in an infusion can grow in it.
D. aseptic techniques reduce microbes in medical settings.
E. living things arise from nonliving matter.
13. Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that
A. microbes are found on dust particles.
B. a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.
C. life-forms can only arise from preexisting life-forms.
D. a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom.
E. microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills.
14. Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?
A. species
B. phylum
C. kingdom
D. genus
E. family
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