Summary
OCR A-Level Biology Cell Cycle Summary
Handwritten Summary of all the A* content needed for Cell Cycle at Biology OCR A-Level.
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Mitosis The process of onegrowing and dividing
to produce two identical
parent daughter cens
:
can
Interphase Periods of cen growth and normal
resting conditions
:
DNA is replicated and checked Normal cell function occurs and divide
:
Mitochondria
· ·
grow
↳ is split into G S G2
, ,
G : Proteins are produced and
organelles replicate
G , checkpoint : Cell size nutrients , ,
growth factors , DNA
damage
S :
DNA is replicated
G2 Cen continues to stores increase DNA is cheered for errors
grow energy
:
, ,
G : Checkpoint :
Cen size, DNA replication and damage
Go The cen leaves : the cen
cycle due to differentiation age ,
or
damage
/
centrioles
1 .
Chromatin fibers form Chromosomes , nuclear envelope breans down
++I17
/
chromosomes
2.
Spindle fibers form and attach to centromeres. on the chromosome it
C
+
.
X
microtubules
.
3
Prophase Centrioles move to poles
*** centrosome
·
Spindle fibers line the chromosomes up on the metaphase plate
Metaphase
axxx sistgromatios
+x separate
Centromeres divide
1
Anaphase 2 .
Spindle fibers contract chromatids , are pulled to the poles
⑩2 :
Chromosome pairs reassemble at the
in pole
W
nucleolus
nuclear
2 Nuclear envelope reforms
:
.
envolope
a
Telophase 3 .
Chromosome uncoil
forming a nucleolus
Animal (eus :
Plants :
⑭ III III I ill sinils 11I I
.
Cleavage furrow forms in the middle 1 .
Vesides form a cel plate in the middle
2
Cytoskeleton fuses the membrane 2 Cel wan forms along the cen plate
.
.
meiosis The two divisions of :
one parent cen to produce four haploid gamete ceus
meiosis 1 first division of
·
homologous chromosomes
:
↳ independent Assortment (metaphase 1) Random orientation of chromosome pairs
: -> variation
↳
Crossing Over (Anaphase 1) Chromatic loci become tangled bream off and rejoin at chiasmata s variation
:
,
·
Meiosis 2 A :
reduction division forming haploid gamete
a
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