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Evaluate the view that both Executive and Congress perform their roles effectively essay plan Edexcel A Level £5.48
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Evaluate the view that both Executive and Congress perform their roles effectively essay plan Edexcel A Level
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An A* Edexcel A Level Politics essay plan on whether the Executive and Congress perform their roles effectively.

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  • October 17, 2023
  • 2
  • 2023/2024
  • Other
  • Unknown

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Effectiveness of Congress’s roles X Executive’s roles



Legislative affairs – both broken

 Too many laws not passed
o Sandy Hook. After knew town shooting Biden's measures were blocked in Senate
(including background checks)
 Inability to act increases direct authority
o Obama limited mental health gun owners through executive order
o The DREAM Act (legal status to undocumented children and immigration
enforcement funding) filibustered in Senate.
 Shutdowns - 2013, 16 days, 55 billion, 1m federal employees.



 Difficulty in passing legislation increases quality
o PPACA
o Infrastructure act ($550 billion)
 Increase in direct authority still gets job done
o Biden’s EOs, gender equality



Foreign affairs – both broken

 War Powers Resolution violated e.g. Libya, Osama Bin Laden without consent
 Clinton Yugoslavia violated Congress
 Obama was denied bombing Assad with AUMF
 Power of purse can limit the exec e.g. Vietnam



 Power of the Purse didn’t limit Bush’s troop surge in Iraq
 Presidents can exercise their C-in-C roles
 Congress can have a say on Congressional executive agreements e.g. NAFTA



Oversight – effective

 Congressional committees e.g. Jan 6th, Benghazi, Ukraine
 Senate Judiciary Committee checks nominees e.g. Harriet Miers
 Presidential nominees usually get through e.g. ACB, Kavanaugh



 Partisan oversight e.g. Bush w/ PATRIOT Act
 Trump nominations to SC
 Presidential veto can be overturned e.g. Obama’s Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism

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