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Samenvatting H11 en H12 "Biochemistry: A Short Course"
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Samenvatting H11 en H12 "Biochemistry: A Short Course". Deze hoofdstukken gaan over peptiden en membranen.
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Buy the official test bank for Biochemistry A Short Course,Tymoczko ,3e
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Test Bank for Biochemistry: A Short Course Third Edition by John L. Tymoczko ISBN 9781464126130 Chapter 1-41 | Complete Guide A+
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Test Bank for Biochemistry: A Short Course Third Edition by John L. Tymoczko ISBN 9781464126130 Chapter 1-41 | Complete Guide A+
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Hoofdstuk 11 en 12, lipiden en membranen➢ Lipiden
♥ Water-insoluble molecules that are highly soluble in organic solvents.
♥ Verschillende functies, o.a.:
♪ energie (opslag)
♪ membranen
♪ signaaltransductie hormonen
♥ Vormen geen polymeren
♥ Lipide klassen
♪ Vrije vetzuren (nonesterified fatty acids)
❖ vaak gebruikt als brandstof
❖ Onvertakte ketens van carbonzuren
❖ Meestal 12-20 koolstofatomen
❖ Kunnen dubbele bindingen bevatten
❖ Belangrijke energiebron én component van fosfolipiden
❖ Kunnen verzadigd of onverzadigd zijn
•
• Lengte en cis-dubbele bindingen hebben effect op het smeltpunt
♪ Triacyglycerolen
❖ opslagvorm van vetzuren (in vetweefsels)
❖
❖ Meer energie dan koolhydraten + opslag efficiënter
❖ Zeep
•
♪ Membraanlipiden
❖ Amfipatisch emoleculen
❖ Model:
•
, ❖ Fosfolipiden
• Fosfoglycerides
= glycerofosfolipiden
Phosphoacylglycerols
○ low-molecular-weight alcohols
○ voorbeelden:
ethanolamine
▪ functie: Curvature of the membrane
glycerol
▪ versoepeling membraan
• Sphingolipiden
❖ Glycolipiden
• Suikerbevattende lipiden
• Komen veel voor in celmembranen
• Betrokken bij cel-cel interacties
•
• Afgeleid van sphingolipiden!
❖ Steroïden
• Steroïde nucleus: drie cyclohexaanringen en een cyclopentaanring
• Hormonen, afbraak lipiden uit dieet
Androgens
○ male sex hormones
synthesized in the testes
responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics
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