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Summary questions for each topic in unit 7 of AQ A-Level Biology
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Summary questions for unit 7 in AQA A-Level Biology in relation to the specification
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SPECIFICATION RELATED SUB-TOPIC QUESTIONS1. Define genotype and phenotype
2. Define dominant,recessive and codominant alleles.
3. Explain the nature of multiple alleles.
1. Explain how a single gene is inherited.
2. Explain how to make labelled genetic diagrams
1. Explain why results of genetic crosses often differ from predicted results.
1. Explain dihybrid inheritance.
1. Explain how codominance affects the inheritance of characteristics.
2. Explain how multiple alleles affect inheritance.
3. Explain how blood groups in humans are inherited.
1. Explain how sex is determined genetically.
2. State what is meant by sex-linkage
3. Explain how sex-linked diseases are inherited.
1. Describe autosomal linkage.
2. Explain how autosomal linkage affects the combination of alleles in gametes.
1. Explain what is meant by epistasis.
2. Explain the effects of epistasis.
1. Explain what the chi-squared test is
2. Calculate the values of chi-squared
3. Demonstrate how the chi-squared test is used in genetics.
1. Describe the terms gene pool and allele frequency
2. Define the Hardy-Weinberg principle.
3. Using the Hardy-Weinberg principle, calculate allele,genotype and phenotype
frequencies.
1. Describe variation due to genetic factors.
2. Describe variation due to environmental influence.
1. Define a gene pool
2. Explain the role of overproduction of offspring in natural selection
3. Explain the role of variation in natural selection
1. Describe the stabilising selection
2. Describe directional selection
3. Describe disruptive selection
4. Explain the effects of each form of selection on evolution.
1. Explain how selection affects allele frequencies
2. Explain how new species are formed.
3. Explain how populations can be geographically isolated.
4. Describe allopatric and sympatric speciation.
1. Define environment,biotic,abiotic and biosphere.
2. Explain what is meant by an ecosystem,population,community and habitat
3. Explain what a niche is
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