Basic Dysrhythmias Part I & II Exam II Questions With Complete Solutions
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Module
Dysrhythmias
Institution
Dysrhythmias
Pacemakers of the Heart correct answer: Sinoatrial (SA) node
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Bundle of His
Bundle Branches
Purkinje Fibers
-SA node: p wave
-SA node to AV node: PR segment
-Impulse travels from Bundle of His to Bundle branches and then to Purkinje fibers: QRS complex
-Repola...
Basic Dysrhythmias Part I & II Exam II
Questions With Complete Solutions
Pacemakers of the Heart correct answer: Sinoatrial (SA) node Atrioventricular (AV) node
Bundle of His
Bundle Branches Purkinje Fibers
-SA node: p wave
-SA node to AV node: PR segment
-Impulse travels from Bundle of His to Bundle branches and then to Purkinje fibers: QRS complex
-Repolarization of ventricles: T wave
P wave correct answer: sinoatrial node (SA node) starts an impulse, as the wave of depolarization spreads through the atria, _______ is inscribed on the ECG
AV node conduction correct answer: Is the ONLY electrical conduction pathway between the atria and ventricles.
-Depolarization is SLOWED to allow fill time
-It is carried by SLOW Ca++ ions = slower conduction
(Na+ produces fast depolarization)
AV Valves correct answer: -Prevent ventricle-to-atrium blood backflow
-ELECTRICALLY INSULATE the ventricles from the atria QRS complex correct answer: After leaving the AV node, the wave of depolarization (impulse) spread rapidly through the Bundle of His to the Bundle branches and then to Purkinje fibers; which cause ventricular depolarization, contraction immediately follows depolarization
Ventricular conduction system correct answer: -Bundle of HIS (penetrates the AV valves)
-Then splits into Left & Right bundle branches
-BOTH THE BUNDLE OF HIS & BUNDLE BRANCHES ARE BUNDLES of rapidly conducting Purkinje fibers
-Purkinje fibers use FAST MOVING Na+ ions for conduction of
depolarization
P-R interval correct answer: -Period where there is a brief delay
impulse in the AV node
SA node to AV node
T-Wave correct answer: Repolarization of ventricles (terminates contraction)
Sympathetic Nervous System: Cardiac Excitability Effect correct answer: activates cardiac beta-1 adrenergic receptors -Increases rate of SA node pacing
-Increases rate of conduction -Increases force of contraction -Increases irritability of foci
Parasympathetic Nervous System: Cardiac Inhibitory Effect correct answer: Activates cholinergic receptors
-Decreases rate of SA node pacing -Decreases rate of conduction -Decreases force of contraction -Decreases irritability of atrial and junctional foci
Normal sinus rhythm (NRS) correct answer: -Impulses originate
from S-A node at normal rate; all complexes are normal and evenly spaced (1) Rate: 60 to 100 beats/min
(2) Rhythm: regular (evenly space) +/- 10%
(3) P wave: must be present, and only one must precede every QRS complex
(4) P-R interval: presents delay in AV node; should be 0.12 to .20 seconds
(5) QRS complex: size and shape do not matter, but ALL QRS pattern must look alike; duration of 0.06 to 0.10 (half of PR interval)
Any deviation from above is sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia or an arrhythmia
But is still originating from the SA node if the above criteria is met with rate variance.
Sinus Arrhythmia correct answer: Still originates from SA node
and can arise from: (1) SINUS NODE
(2) ATRIAL CELLS
(3) AV JUNCTION
(4) VENTRICULAR CELLS
Types of sinus arrhythmias correct answer: (1) SINUS BRADYCARDIA
(2) SINUS TACHYCARDIA
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