CFRN Pediatrics Exam 90 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT
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Module
CFRN Pediatrics
Institution
CFRN Pediatrics
CFRN Pediatrics Exam 90 Questions with Verified Answers
Who is the best historian for a pediatric patient? - CORRECT ANSWER PARENTS
How is weight estimated in the pediatric patient? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Less than 1 year old: (age in months + 9) / 2
2. Older than 1 year: (age in years X 2) +8
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CFRN Pediatrics Exam 90 Questions with Verified Answers
Who is the best historian for a pediatric patient? - CORRECT ANSWER PARENTS
How is weight estimated in the pediatric patient? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Less than
1 year old: (age in months + 9) / 2
2. Older than 1 year: (age in years X 2) +8
BLOOD PRESSURE
1. Neonates - minimal MAP
2. Infant to 1 year old (normal)
3. 1 - 10 years old (minimum)
4. Over 10 years old (minimal)
5. Over 10 years old (normal)
5. Diastolic blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Gestational age in weeks = minimum MAP
2. Normal SBP is > 70
3. 70 + (age X 2)
4. 90 5. 90 + (age X 2)
6. 2/3 the systolic pressure
ETT Size Formula - CORRECT ANSWER (16 + age) / 4
Pediatric ETT Depth Formula (3) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. 3 X ETT size 2. 10 + age in years
3. (age/2) + 12
Neonatal ETT Depth Formula - CORRECT ANSWER 6 + weight in kg
NG/OG, Foley, Suction Catheter Formula - CORRECT ANSWER 2 X ETT size
Chest Tube Size - CORRECT ANSWER 4 X ETT size
10, 11, 12 Rule - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Uncuffed ETTs for children under 10 2. Needle cric for children under 11 3. No nasal intubation for children under 12
ANATOMICAL DIFFERENCES
1. Rib cage
2. Lung tissue
3. Mediastinum
4. Fontanels
5. Liver/spleen
6. Bones - CORRECT ANSWER 1. More elastic/flexible (significant chest trauma without deformity is possible).
2. More fragile (more susceptible to pneumothorax)
3. More mobile (injuries more common).
4. Anterior fontanels close at 12-18mo, posterior fontanels close at 2mo.
5. Larger and more vascular (more susceptible to seat belt injuries).
6. It takes quite a bit of force to fracture pediatric bones.
What is the cause of death in pediatric patients with cerebral hemorrhaging? How
is cerebral hemorrhaging quantified in children? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Hemorrhage (not herniation).
2. Serial measurements of head circumference.
PHYSIOLOGIC DIFFERENCES
1. Cardiac output
2. Heart rate
3. Blood pressure / hypotension
4. Blood volume
5. Fluid bolus requirement
6. Sugar requirement
7. Surface area to volume ratio - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Children have a higher CO/kg ratio than adults.
2. Children have higher heart rates and smaller stroke volumes (the only way to increase CO is HR).
3. Hypotension is not evident until 25% of blood volume is lost.
4. Blood volume is 75-80ml/kg for children and 60ml/kg for neonates.
5. 20cc/kg for children, 10cc/kg for infants.
6. D25 2-4cc/kg for children (1-12), D10 2cc/kg for neonates/infants (0-12mo). 7. Larger surface area to volume ratio - they become hypothermic very easily.
RENAL IMMATURITY CAUSES WHAT (2)? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Difficulty concentrating urine and electrolytes.
2.Larger dose requirements of renally-cleared drugs.
LIVER IMMATURITY CAUSES WHAT (1)? - CORRECT ANSWER Difficulty metabolizing hepatically cleared drugs (smaller dose requirements).
MAINTENANCE FLUIDS
1. Neonates
2. Infants/toddlers
3. Children - CORRECT ANSWER 1. D10 at 80-100ml/kg/day
2. D5 1/4 NS + K using 4/2/1 rule
3. D5 1/2 NS + K using 4/2/1 rule
*Usual dose of K is 10mEq/L
1. What is a fluid bolus?
2.What is a fluid challenge? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. A fluid bolus is given as quickly as possible.
2. A fluid challenge is given over 1 hour.
RESPIRATORY / AIRWAY DIFFERENCES
1. Trachea
2. Tongue
3. Epiglottis
4. Larynx
5. Vocal cords
6. Narrowest portion of airway
7. Oxygen consumption - CORRECT ANSWER 1. The trachea is narrower and has elastic rings (do not hyperextend the neck - it will kink off the airway).
2. The tongue is larger in comparison to mouth.
3. The epiglottis is short, narrow, and angled away from the long axis of the trachea.
4. The larynx is higher and more anterior.
5. The vocal cords have a lower attachment.
6. The cricoid cartilage is the narrowest portion of the airway.
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