Exam (elaborations)
HOSA Pharmacology Exam/132 Questions and Answers/A+ Rated
HOSA Pharmacology Exam/132 Questions and Answers/A+ Rated
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HOSA Pharmacology Exam/132 Questionsand Answers/A+ Rated
Pharmacology - -study of drugs and their action on living organisms
-Absorption - -a drug is moved from site of administration to body fluids;
first process during pharmacokinetics
-Adverse Reaction - -undesirable drug effect
-Allergic Reaction - -immediate hypersensitive reaction by the immune
system
-Anaphylactic Shock - -sudden, severe hypersensitivity reaction with
symptoms that progress rapidly and may result in death if not treated
-Controlled Substances - -drugs that have the potential for abuse and
dependency, both physical and psychological
-Cumulative Drug Effect - -when the body is unable to metabolize and
excrete one dose of a drug before the next is given
-Complementary/Alternative Medicine (CAM) - -group of diverse medical
practices or products not presently part of conventional medicine
-Distribution - -drug moves from circulation to body tissue or a target site
-Drug Idiosyncrasy - -any unusual or abnormal response that differs from
the response normally expected to a specific drug and dosage
-Drug Tolerance - -decreased response to a drug, requiring an increase in
dosage to achieve the desired effect
-Excretion - -elimination of a drug from the body
-First-Pass Effect - -action by which an oral drug is absorbed and carried
directly to the liver, where it is inactivated by enzymes before it enters the
general bloodstream
-Half-Life - -time required for the body to eliminate 50% of a drug
-Herbal Medicine - -type of complementary/alternative therapy that uses
plants or herbs to treat various disorders; also called herbalism
, -Hypersensitivity - -undesirable reaction produced by a normal immune
system
-Metabolism - -drug is changed to a form that can be excreted
-Metabolite - -inactive form of the original drug
-Nonprescription Drugs - -drugs designated by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) to be safe (if taken as directed) and obtainable without
a prescription; also called over-the-counter (OTC) drugs
-Pharmaceutic - -pertaining to the phase during which a drug dissolves in
the body
-Pharmacodynamics - -study of drug transit (or activity) after administration
-Physical Dependency - -habitual use of a drug, where negative physical
withdrawal symptoms result from abrupt discontinuation
-Prescription Drugs - -drugs the federal government has designated as
potentially harmful unless their use is supervised by a licensed health care
provider, such as a nurse practitioner, physician, or dentist; also called
legend drugs
-Psychological Dependency - -compulsion or craving to use a substance to
obtain a pleasurable experience
-Receptor - -a reactive site on the surface of a cell; when a drug binds to
and interacts with the receptor, a pharmacologic response occurs
-Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) - -program of the FDA,
designed to monitor drugs that have a high risk compared to benefit ratio
-Teratogen - -drug or substance that causes abnormal development of the
fetus, leading to deformities
-Toxic - -poisonous or harmful
-Chemical Name - -chemical structure
-Generic Name - -nonproprietary, official name that any company can use
-Trade Name - -proprietary name; brand name
-Onset of Action - -time between administration of the drug and onset of its
therapeutic effect
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