Exam (elaborations)
MIBO CH 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023
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- Oxford University (OX)
MIBO CH 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023
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MIBO CH 4 EXAM QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS 2023
(ssu) rRNA - answer sequences comparison studies demonstrated that living organisms form
three phylogenetically distinct groups, or domains:
.5µm-5µm - answer Most archaeons, like most bacteria, are between
histones - answer Unlike bacteria, archaeons possess ______, DNA-binding proteins that help to
package the DNA and may make it more thermostable.
glycerol 1-phosphate - answer The archaeal plasma membrane consists of __________, a
stereoisomer of the molecule present in bacterial and eukaryal membranes.
phytanlyl or biphytanyl - answer Attached to the glycerol molecule are isoprenoids, usually
___________, via ether linkages.
lipid monolayers, rather than bilayers - answer Some archaeons possess___________ which can
form stable liposomes.
pseudomurein - answer Most archaeons possess a cell wall composed of _________, which is
similar to, but chemically distinct from, the peptidoglycan seen in bacterial cell walls.
cannulae - answer Some archaeons form networks, in which cells are connected by __________
crenarchaeota ; euryarchaeota - answer The domain Archaea is divided into two major
phyla,_________
, crenarchaeota - answer Most cultivated ______________ are thermophiles or
hyperthermophiles. Many of these species also are acidophiles or barophiles.
chaperones; thermosome; reverse DNA gyrase - answer Hyperthermophiles possess several
adaptations to life at high temperatures, including the presence of molecular ________ which
form a complex referred to as the ___________ that facilitates protein folding and refolding,
and __________, which increases the melting temperature of DNA.
Thaumarchaeota. - answer Based on the SSU rRNA sequences isolated from these temperate
and arctic regions, some researchers propose that the mesophilic and psychrophilic
crenarchaeotes may constitute a new archaeal phylum, ____________________
phototrophy; bacteriorhodopsin - answer Some halophiles undergo _______, using __________
to harvest the energy of sunlight.
1977, Carl Woese and George Fox - answer In ___________, then researchers at the University
of Illinois, Urbana examined the sequence of the 16S or 18S ribosomal RNA molecules, the small
subunit rRNA, or SSU rRNA (found molecular distinctions beyond the pro & euk labels)
adjuvant - answer agents that augment the immune response to a vaccine (from archaens)
rod- or coccus- - answer While most archaeons are ________shaped, some exhibit more
unusual shapes.
evolved early in the history of life - answer The existence of histones in species from all known
phyla of Archaea has led some researchers to propose that histones (and consequently a
method for efficiently packaging DNA) ____________
increased genomic size - answer the existence of histones, and the ability to package DNA, may
have been a necessary prerequisite to the ______________ that we see today in many eukarya
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