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Essentials of Sociology 5th Edition By Giddens - Richard P. Appelbaum-Test Bank
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,CHAPTER 1: Sociology: Theory and MethodMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Sociologists recognize that “personal” troubles, if occurring in patterned ways, to large numbers of
individuals, reflect important __________ or consequences of social structures.
a. public issues
b. individualized problems
c. interest groups
d. social milieus
e. family values
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Page 4
TOP: Personal Troubles and Public Issues (I.A) MSC: Factual
2. In the midst of an economic crisis, when foreclosures have become a common feature in the country in
response, Jenna and her family lose their home because her parents can no longer pay the mortgage.
Sociologists would likely see this as:
a. a personal trouble
b. the fault of Jenna’s father for not providing for the family
c. a socialist economy
d. a public issue
e. a problem for psychologists
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Page 4
TOP: Personal Troubles and Public Issues (I.A) MSC: Applied
3. Following C. Wright Mills, sociologists refer to breaking free from the immediacy of personal
circumstances and putting things in a wider social context as the:
a. accumulation of capital
b. psychologization process
c. emergence theory
d. recognition of self
e. sociological imagination
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Page 6
TOP: The Sociological Imagination (II) MSC: Factual
4. In the midst of an economic crisis, when foreclosures have become a common feature in the country in
response, Jenna and her family lose their home because her parents can no longer pay the mortgage.
Jenna would be using a sociological imagination to think about this if she were to:
a. blame her mother for not working hard enough
b. wonder why her father does not just find a new job
c. consider how it might be strange that we live in a world that allows people to be thrown
out of their homes
d. think about ways she can contribute financially to buying their house back
e. ponder how she might find employment to avoid having the same problems her parents are
having in a bad economy
ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Page 6
TOP: The Sociological Imagination (II) MSC: Applied
,5. __________ refers to how human societies are reconstructed at every moment by the very “building
blocks” that compose them—human beings.
a. Evolutionary biology
b. Structuration
c. Social ecology
d. Dramaturgy
e. Metatheory
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 7 TOP: Structuration (II.A.i)
MSC: Factual
6. When women began entering the workforce in the United States in larger numbers, until eventually it
became normal, women’s structural place in society was (somewhat) altered. This is an example of:
a. structuration
b. social stasis
c. wages for housework
d. the glass ceiling
e. total feminist success
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Page 7 TOP: Structuration (II.A.i)
MSC: Applied
7. When Juan drinks his morning coffee, he thinks about its production in Colombia, its transportation
through many countries, the taxes and tariffs applied for international commerce, and the diverse array
of social relations behind his drink. According to the text, one might say that Juan is using:
a. an internalized view of things
b. a psycho-pharmacological lens
c. a global perspective
d. a domestic view of labor
e. an individual framework of commodity production
ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Page 7
TOP: Developing a Global Perspective (II.B) MSC: Applied
8. According to the text, __________ involve constructing abstract interpretations that can be used to
explain a wide variety of situations.
a. empirical answers
b. ideologies
c. theories
d. beliefs
e. views
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Page 13
TOP: Theories and Theoretical Approaches (III.A) MSC: Factual
9. __________ invented the word sociology.
a. Karl Marx
b. Emma Goldman
c. Émile Durkheim
d. Max Weber
e. Auguste Comte
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Page 13 TOP: Auguste Comte (III.B.i)
, MSC: Factual
10. According to __________, to become a science, sociology must study social facts, aspects of social
life that shape our actions as individuals.
a. Karl Marx
b. Emma Goldman
c. Émile Durkheim
d. Max Weber
e. Auguste Comte
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Page 14 TOP: Émile Durkheim (III.B.ii)
MSC: Factual
11. Émile Durkheim believed that for a society to function and persist over time, its specialized
institutions must work in harmony with each other and function as an integrated whole. He referred to
this as:
a. democratic centralism
b. consensus
c. class consciousness
d. organic solidarity
e. class composition
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Page 14 TOP: Émile Durkheim (III.B.ii)
MSC: Factual
12. Martin believes that society should be looked at like a body, with constituent parts necessary to the
functioning of the whole. His ideas probably most closely mirror those of which theorist?
a. Karl Marx
b. Émile Durkheim
c. Harriet Martineau
d. Max Weber
e. W. E. B. Du Bois
ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: Page 14 TOP: Émile Durkheim (III.B.ii)
MSC: Applied
13. __________ believed that class struggles were what led to historical progress and development.
a. Karl Marx
b. Emma Goldman
c. Émile Durkheim
d. Max Weber
e. Auguste Comte
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Page 15 TOP: Karl Marx (III.B.iii)
MSC: Factual
14. The ideas of Karl Marx might be criticized for what?
a. He had no analysis of power imbalances.
b. His focus on class conflict risked minimizing or ignoring other social divisions like those
around race and gender.
c. His materialist conception of history relied too much on the ideas people had instead of
actual social events.
d. He paid no attention to how society produced and distributed goods.
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