,Chapter 1: Introduction to Healthy Aging
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which option refers to the highest level of human functioning according to Maslow?
a. Biological and physical integrity
b. Safety and security
c. Self-esteem
d. Self-actualization
ANS: D
According to Maslow, persons whose basic physical needs are met, who feel safe and secure,
and who possess self-esteem and self-efficacy can achieve self-actualization, reaching out
beyond themselves to make their lives meaningful.
Biological and physical integrity is the lowest level in Maslow’s hierarchy, below safety and
security. Safety and security are the second-lowest level, below self-esteem. Self-esteem is the
second-highest level, below self-actualization.
PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: 5-6
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Safe, Effective Care Environment
2. A man is terminally ill with end-stage prostate cancer. Which is the best statement about this
man’s wellness?
a. Wellness is possible in the management of his medical care.
b. Wellness is unfortunately not a real option for this client.
c. Wellness is the same thing as faith healing, and if the client would be more
receptive, then he could be back at work in a few weeks.
d. Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of
wellness.
ANS: D
Nursing interventions can help empower a client to achieve a higher level of wellness; a nurse
can foster wellness at all levels of the needs hierarchy.
Wellness is possible even if the client assists in the management of his medical care; an
individual must work hard to achieve wellness, similar to a job. Wellness is unfortunately not
a real option for this client; however, all persons, regardless of age or life-health situations,
can be helped to achieve a higher level of wellness. Wellness is the same thing as faith
healing, and if the client would be more receptive, then he could be back at work in a few
weeks; biomedical approaches and other treatments and techniques are used to achieve
realistic improvements in wellness.
PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: 4-5 TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. In differentiating between health and wellness in health care, which of the following
statements is true?
a. Health is a broad term encompassing attitudes and behaviors.
, b. The concept of illness prevention was never considered by previous generations.
c. Wellness and self-actualization develop through learning and growth.
d. Wellness is impossible when one’s health is compromised.
ANS: A
Health is a broad term that encompasses attitudes and behaviors; holistically, health includes
wellness, which involves one’s whole being.
The concept of illness prevention was never considered by previous generations; throughout
history, basic self-care requirements have been recognized. Wellness and self-actualization
develop through learning and growth—as basic needs are met, higher-level needs can be
satisfied in turn, with ever-deepening richness to life. Wellness is impossible when one’s
health is compromised—even with chronic illness, with multiple disabilities, or in dying,
movement toward a higher level of wellness is possible.
PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: 4 TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. Which cultural group is predicted to have the fastest growing older adult population in the
United States between the years 2010 and 2050?
a.Native Americans
b.African Americans
c.Hispanic Americans
d.Asian/Pacific Island Americans
ANS: C
As shown in Figure 1-1, the Hispanic older adult population is projected to be the most
rapidly increasing population segment between 2010 and 2050.
The older adult populations of all other races, combined, do not rise as rapidly as the Hispanic
older adult population between the years 2010 and 2050. The African-American older adult
population is expected to have the second-fastest rise between 2010 and 2050. The non-
Hispanic white older adult population is projected to decrease between 2010 and 2050.
PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: Figure 1-1 on page 3.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Safe, Effective Care Environment
5. Historical influences that have shaped the lives of the majority of the middle-old population in
the United States today include which of the following?
a. Influenza epidemic of 1918
b. Immigration from communist Europe
c. Child rearing in the Depression
d. World War II
ANS: D
Those who are middle-old in 2005 were in their teens and 20s during World War II; in
particular, the men were likely to have fought in it.
A person who survived the influenza epidemic would be at least 87 years old in 2005 and
therefore would be considered old-old or a centenarian. Those who are middle-old in 2005
were born between 1920 and 1930, before communism swept Europe. Most of those who are
middle-old in 2005 had not reached childbearing age by the end of the Depression.
, PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: 2-3
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Safe, Effective Care Environment
6. The nurse prepares for the arrival of older adults evacuated from a hurricane to a shelter for
short-term care. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
a. Demonstrate that the staff is prepared to meet their needs.
b. Use individual medical records to develop a medication plan.
c. Help older adults display family photographs and memorabilia.
d. Help older adults teach one another a new skill in the shelter.
ANS: B
The nurse prepares for short-term care by prioritizing the needs of the older adults, and this
intervention helps maintain the therapeutic plan, thereby addressing the need for physiological
integrity. Furthermore, the nurse maintains continuity of care by preparing a medication
schedule to prevent missed doses of medication. Providing safety and security from the storm
is Maslow’s second most basic need.
In emergency conditions, the nurse provides basic care relating to safety, security, and
physical well-being. Maintaining a sense of belonging is important but not in emergency
conditions. A state of emergency is not the time to develop self-esteem; meeting safety,
security, and physical needs are more important.
PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: 5-6
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. According to researchers, which characteristic will most centenarians share in the future?
a. Female
b. Demented
c. Malnourished
d. Wheelchair bound
ANS: A
Researchers expect women to make up the majority of centenarians in the future.
Gerontologists expect dementia to be common among older adults, but they are not predicting
most centenarians will have dementia. Malnutrition is common among older adults, but
researchers have not predicted that most centenarians will be malnourished. Decreased
mobility is common among older adults, but researchers have not predicted that most
centenarians will be confined to a wheelchair.
PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: 2
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Safe, Effective Care Environment
8. Which statement describes aging in developing countries?
a. Aged dependence is likely to improve from 1:4 to 1:2.
b. The biggest problem for older adults will be the lack of food.
c. Most older adults are likely to reside in these countries.
d. Similar to fertility, life expectancy is increasing, although at a different rate.
ANS: C
