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Summary - Geography case studies
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this document provides useful and easy to understand case studies of the second chapter "Settlements" in the cambridge geography IGCSE textbook.
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Case studies pt. 2Montag, 2. Mai 2022
17:00
Case studies:
Rural settlement in an LEDC: the Tseolike valley, Lesotho
Rural settlement in an MEDC: Rio Poqueira a Valley, Granada Province
Spain
London: Traffic congestion and improving the transport system
New York: declining city center
Land use in New York
The end of cities New York
Super volcano, Yellowstone US
Rural settlement in an LEDC: the Tsoelike valley, Lesotho
Near the Sengu River there is a disperse pattern. There is also a nucleated
pattern near the A4 road which is the east side. In addition, a linear pattern is
shown on the western side between the A4 road and Tseolike River. Some
advantages of a nucleated settlement are the now a days, it is easier and less
expensive to provide useful services. Rural craft industries such as, weaving and
basket making, are also more easily organized in nucleated settlements.
However, in the past nucleated settlements were benefited the settlement was
for defense purposes. The main activity in the highest land is only grazing
because the settlement in these areas are cattle parts, which inhabited only in
summer. Another reason is because of the shortage of the flat land is a problem
for the settlement. In addition, it is not warm enough to grow crops. Most
settlements in Tsoelike valley are below 2250 meters is because, it is warm
enough to cultivate crops and to do some agriculture. Most settlements are on
the north facing slopes because, more sunlight is received more than the south-
facing slopes, this also make cultivation easier. The valley floor is avoided due to
the fact it is haggy (too wet and muddy to be easily walked on), poorly drained
and prone to flooding. Some social problems this area face are that the growing
population has increased the pressure on the available land (land tenure system),
lack of employment and, in other countries, many young people no longer want
to work in agriculture which led to labour shortage because people are leaving to
work in mining. Services are located in the nearest town, Qacha's wek which is 15
kilometers away. Masen provides once daily has services and has an
international airport and the national government.
Rural settlement in an MEDC: Rio Poqueira a Valley, Granada Province
Spain
The different villages are nucleated however, they are separated in general, and
are in a linear pattern along the Main road. This is used for defense in the past
put now are used for services provided and the culture. The relief of the areas is
that in the center has a low altitude, the south part of the valley had a very
altitude and the north in the high lands has a high altitude. The areas favoured
for settlement are slightly flatter area on otherwise steep valley sides. Most
settlements are abandoned because for example Rio Poqueira Valley has been
unable to employ everybody form the settlements, lack of jobs, and house price
rising. Recently, they are able to provide services such as shops, schools,
churches, banks and hotel. The reason for a full range of services that can be
provided including tourism because of the sunny climate, nearby place of
historical interest and outdoor activities like mountain biking nada hill walking.
This led to some alternative employment in hotels and restaurants, and also
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