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AQA A-LEVEL HISTORY Component 1L The quest for political stability: Germany, 1871– 1991MAY 2023 QP
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AQA A-LEVEL HISTORY Component 1L The quest for political stability: Germany, 1871– 1991MAY 2023 QP
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AQA A-LEVEL HISTORY Component 1L The quest for political stability: Germany, 1871–1991MAY 2023 QP
A-level
HISTORY
Component 1L The quest for political stability: Germany, 1871–1991
Wednesday 24 May 2023 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/1L.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.
, 2
IB/M/Jun23/E3 7042/1L
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Extract A
After 1966, party distinctions in West Germany became blurred. The Grand Coalition of
1966–69 set Germany back on track in the most difficult of circumstances, effectively
resolving the economic problems of the mid-1960s. This government greatly contributed
to the political consensus of the following two decades. In 1974, nobody seemed better
equipped to deal with a new economic crisis than Helmut Schmidt. Most Germans, 5
including many traditional CDU/CSU voters, saw Schmidt as the experienced captain
navigating the ship of state through treacherous waters. From 1982, Helmut Kohl, the
new chancellor, strove to occupy the largest possible section of the political middle
ground. His political priorities were little different from Schmidt’s in the previous decade:
maintaining relations with East Germany, economic growth, and an emphasis on law and
order at home. Overall, Schmidt and Kohl contributed substantially to the blurring of party 10
images. Schmidt was immensely popular among conservative Germans and Kohl
successfully pursued exactly the same policies as his predecessor.
Adapted from L Kettenacker, Germany Since 1945, 1997
Extract B
Balancing the desires of left and right, in the years 1966 and 1989, was difficult. During
Kiesinger’s Grand Coalition, Brandt gained prestige for developing his new ‘Ostpolitik’,
and in 1969, the SPD won over 40% of the vote. Seeing an opportunity, Brandt broke
from the Grand Coalition and allied with the liberal FDP. The socialist-liberal government
introduced a series of social reforms. However, conservatives opposed both ‘Ostpolitik’ 5
and the social reform programme, making difficulties for the coalition. As the recession of
the early 1970s gradually turned to a new period of slow growth under Schmidt, tensions
emerged over economic policy between the SPD and the Liberals. The conservative,
business-oriented wing of the FDP supported reductions in social welfare spending and
policies to stimulate production. A vote of no-confidence forced Schmidt from office in
1982. The beneficiary of the break-up of the socialist-liberal coalition was Helmut Kohl. 10
The new chancellor announced a ‘change of course’ to move away from the left-wing
policies of the previous decade.
Adapted from FB Tipton, A History of Modern Germany Since 1815, 2003
IB/M/Jun23/7042/1
L
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