ABFM In Training Exam Pearls /113 Questions With
Complete Solution Latest 2023-2024
Quiz :Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), what meds, and what do you have
check first? - Answer :Emtricitabine/tenofovir
gotta check Hep B first
-apparently they kill hep B too, so if you suddenly stop the med, then
reactivated hep B can lead to liver disease
Quiz :entry to balloon time for PCI! - Answer :120 minutes
Quiz :time limit from onset of MI to balloon time - Answer :should get it done
w/in 12 hours
Quiz :Absolute contraindications to Fibrinolysis - Answer :Previous
hemorrhage stroke
Previous ischemic stroke (4.5hrs-3months prior)
Suspected aortic dissection
Active bleeding (except menstruation)
BP >180/110 (severe hypertension)
Streptokinase 6 months prior
Quiz :acute cholecystitis - Answer :Acute inflammation of the gallbladder wall
Quiz :Patient with pulmonary HTN due to left heart failure, can they have
vasodilators (PDE5?) - Answer :NO! can make things worse
-maximize heart failure treatment!
Quiz :Sever's Diseaese - Answer :Calcaneal apophysitis, also called Sever's
disease, is a common cause of heel pain in young athletes, especially those
who participate in basketball, soccer, track, and other sports that involve
running. Typically the heel apophysis closes by age 15. Treatment options
include activity modification, the use of ice packs and/or moist heat,
stretching, analgesics, and orthotic devices. The use of therapeutic ultrasound
on the active bone growth plates in children is contraindicated.
Quiz :in pressure ulcers what solutions to avoid, and what to use! -
Answer :recommended that pressure ulcers not be cleaned with
povidone/iodine, Dakin's solution, hydrogen peroxide, wet-to-dry dressings, or
any solutions that may impede granulation tissue formation. These sites should
,be cleaned with either saline or tap water and covered with hydrocolloid,
foam, or another nonadherent dressing that promotes a moist environment.
Quiz :Chronic paraoxysmal hemicrania - Answer :resembles cluster headache
but has some important differences. Like cluster headaches, these headaches
are unilateral and accompanied by conjunctival hyperemia and rhinorrhea.
However, these headaches are more frequent in women, and the paroxysms
occur many times each day. This type of headache falls into a group of
headaches that have been labeled indomethacin-responsive headaches
because they respond dramatically to *indomethacin.*
Quiz :normal spirometry but low DLCO - Answer :chronic pulmonary embolus
Quiz :Antibiotic ppx for dental procedures - Answer :give amoxicillin only if
prior endocarditis, prosthetic valve, heart txp, or severe or repaired congenital
heart
-if allergic to penicillin, then give clinda!!
Quiz :when to refer patient with CKD to nephrology - Answer :Current
guidelines recommend referral to a nephrologist if a patient's renal disease is
either of unknown etiology, is deteriorating quickly (eGFR decreasing by >5
mL/min/1.73 m2 per year), or is severe. Thresholds used to define severe
chronic kidney disease include an eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, a urine albumin
to creatinine ratio >300 g/mg, persistent acidosis or potassium imbalance, non-
iron deficiency anemia with a hemoglobin level <10 g/dL, and evidence of
secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Quiz :Causes of peripheral neuropathy - Answer :common treatable causes of
peripheral neuropathy, which include *diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and
nutritional deficiencies*. Additional causes of peripheral neuropathy include
*chronic liver disease and renal disease*. It is important to consider
medications as a possible cause, including *amiodarone, digoxin,
nitrofurantoin, and statins. Excessive alcohol* use is another important
consideration. In addition think *MGUS, and Multiple Myeloma*
Quiz :Failure rates of contraception - Answer :The annual failure rate of
combined oral contraceptive pills with typical use is 9%. Typical failure rates for
other contraceptive methods are 0.2% for the levonorgestrel IUD, 6% for
, injectable progestin, 18% for male condoms, and 22% for the withdrawal
method.
Quiz :mental status exam for acute changes like delerium - Answer :Confusion
Assessment Method (CAM)
Quiz :to diagnose adult ADHD, symptoms must be present before what age? -
Answer :Age 12
Quiz :Complications of GERD in infants - Answer :Gastroesophageal reflux
accounts for a significant number of cases of failure to thrive, crib death, and
recurrent pneumonia. Features of gastroesophageal reflux include a history of
recurrent pneumonia, a low growth curve, a family history of sudden infant
death syndrome, and normocytic anemia.
Quiz :coining "sickness leaving body" - Answer :it's a south asian thing, kids
have multiple red welts and superficial abrasions scattered on chest and upper
back
Quiz :thyroid replacement in the setting of gastritis - Answer :need to increase
by 30% because gastritis decreases absorption of thyroid. ex: h. pylori, treat
h.pylori to negate this effect
Quiz :cubital tunnel syndrome - Answer :irritation, compression, and
entrapment of the ulnar nerve
Quiz :in ages 5-16, what is the most common agent that causes pneumonia -
Answer :mycoplasma - treat with azithromycin
Quiz :what halts the worsening of thyroid complications such as myxedema
and exophthalmos - Answer :treating with methimazole
Quiz :If MRSA bacteremia, when do you get repeat blood cultures? -
Answer :2-4 days
Quiz :community acquired pneumonia - Answer :a type of pneumonia that
results from contagious infection outside of a hospital or clinic ie hotel stay or
cruise ship
