Summary
Summary Impact of Nationalist Ambitions
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- AQA
Detailed notes on the impact of nationalist ambitions in the early 20th century . Great for revision! Obtained an A* overall
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Impact of Nationalist AmbitionsThe Impact of the Russian Revolutions
- Polish nationalists now saw the opportunity to create an independent Poland.
- Pan-Slavs were encouraged with the Provisional Government’s acknowledgement to
decide their own destinies.
- Those hoping for political reform were also inspired by the spontaneous uprising that
began the March Revolution; thought that the authoritarian rulers would grant political
concessions to avoid unrest, if not ordinary Russians had already proven it was
possible to overthrow the monarch.
The Ambitions of Nationalists
- Hungary for sometime was eager to end its relationship with Austria. and began to see
the benefits of independence as the Emperor’s authority diminished.
- Slavs in Austria grew restless and disloyal in response to the introduction of martial
law.
- Some months before the end of the war, the Czechs approached the French to obtain
support for the creation of an independent Czechoslovakia.
- Serbs and Croats worked together to create Yugoslavia- triggered the war
- The Congress of Oppressed Nationalities met in Rome in April 1918 seeking self-
determination.
- The Allies viewed the break up of the Habsburg Empire as inevitable and
independence was encouraged.
- After the Armistice nationalists tended to take matters into their own hands, making
self-determination a physical reality with new borders for Poland, Czechoslovakia and
Yugoslavia. However these continued to be contest into the 1920s.
- Self-determination had been endorsed by Wilson’s Fourteen Points Programme.
- Habsburg Empire collapsed in the late 1918.
- Arab nationalists hoped to create an Arab state, independent from the Ottomans, in
the Middle East.
- There were conflicting aims by the British and French in this region, which meant that
the original problems made by McMahon to Hussein in 1915 were unfulfilled.
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