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thermoregulation and pyrexia

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includes: physiology of homeostasis, temperature measurement, receptors, voluntary action, shivering, brown fat, skin blood flow, sweating, abnormalities, pyrexia, pyro-genesis, are fevers good?

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  • December 21, 2023
  • 4
  • 2021/2022
  • Lecture notes
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Thermoregulation and pyrexia
Physiology is homeostasis
 Biological systems operate under a tight range of parameters
 Most enzymes will be affected by 10c changes
 If we get too hot enzymes denature above 45c
 Brains start to get into trouble and brain function deteriorates between 35-40c
Normal temperature
 average core temperature – 37c
 maintaining normal for skin is less important
 diurnal variation
 varies throughout the day
 lowest before you wake up
 Relates to sleep/wake cycle
Intersex variation
 The temperature at time of ovulation increases by half a degree
 Subtle difference between men and women
Temperature measurement
 Mercury thermometer under the tongue for minutes
 Forehead temperature monitor – skin temperature – quick and well tolerated – not
very accurate
 Tympanic thermometer – in ear – quite accurate if used properly
 Oesophageal temperature probe – goes through the nose to the oesophagus – core
temperature – continuous – not good for awake people
 Rectal temperature – in intensive care – hypothermic patients who are drowsy or
unconscious
Homeostasis – thermoregulation
 Receptors – monitor temperature
 Coordinator
 Effectors – make you warmer/cooler
 A cycle
Receptors
 Have many throughout body
 On skin
 In the core around the GI tract, hypothalamus, and great veins
 Special nerves which react to changes in temperature
 Hot or cold receptors
 Much more sensitive to cold
 Adelta and C fibres – pain and temperature
Coordinator
 Based around the hypothalamus (anterior)
Set point
 Sets what you want the temperature to be
 As the body temperature veers away things come into play
 If you get cold you won’t sweat but you will produce more head
 If you get hot you will sweat and will not produce as much heat
Effectors
 Specific heat increase/decrease mechanisms

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